WPCs  %[Mz}>NKDBo gUT3WL?SH*_ d~v^ya6V쓕k;JIt.! *,Y0 %Y㑳젲 i`0ЄAjJTE _-bB뜆l7ZS0fN]LkzAC = Ǔ."HYq^c!x υ3țn_$ca. }rd;^^I37kJ۳ _Ȋf*4-/MԠ>d{<}F*" )d6xσoһ| Hh>F*L !E,ɾj YU=% _MB+Fm`c V֒҂s-CԍR#I_7ʹB ڲ˰-(6D7G# !UN" %;# 00:A#U98{#U.#U-F#U.F'$ 1mm$ 72$^ %w@%4X% 0.~l% 0D%U..& p\&&&'' mn((.(}/50N1 13 15 0c6r6[7 pD>> R? p?i@1A B \N !O 0<-T liT T 1U pfVV 1WaXt\_`ald 1Eff}kfnENp 0qMslw hFxx<zUF{ X>|| \n}}UFUN d6UFNUN 0&= 0F 0Pe T  ^$UF7(}UFE dN T \V h ja f> d5UF_UF]UN hYUF8UN~ j̔6UFUNY f UF/ j5UN d QUF]C f b^ 1m b- ^i Ǣ lУ < lFUFU8 ?UF+UNqU.7UF$UNj U8UN lHU8UN h|U8UN jrU8KUN f7 l3U8{UN bcU8?UNw b'U8UN9 ^U8UN lgUFUN pPUFUN RGUFU8UN p7U8oUN p eUFqU.UFUNF ^aUFSUF6|UFUUF fUF?UFUNU.6}dUF'UFEUUFMUF-sUF<UF I Q UF:MUF7 J 0Za 0d   0\*,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, BVCanon S330WINSPOOL0((00!(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,<4 9Z+ Courier New <6X9`(Courier<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular#?e37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a) i)%M/ bDcdEefDghDijXek+@1y Q(.(3($ !USUS.,      0  (#$  0  <6X9`(CourierDuckett v. State, Case No. SC01H2149 (Order dated 313|xk ($USUS.,    1    _XuXXXJusticeLewisconcurredinresultonly.4 !USUS.,  _XuXXXRobertsv.State,    678So.2d1232(Fla.1996)#XIXXXu=#U  ($USUS.,    6    _XuXXX_Volusia_ԀCountySheriffInvestigator_Buscher_ԀinhisAugust  10,1982,report,discussedSpecialAgentBakersinterviewofJamesWalsh.Therein,itwasreportedthatAgentBakerdescribedWalsh asbeing6'1",165lbs., blonde hair,blueeyeswitha 2 ruddycomplexion.AttachmentD.Thereportshowedhisagetobe31.TheBOLOissuedonFebruary16,1982,includedthecompositefoundinWalshspossessionatthetimeofhisarrestinArkansasamonthafterthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide.TheBOLOincludedthefollowingdescriptionofthesuspect: late20'stoearly30's,160to170_lbs_,5'10"to6'0"tall, Brown hairwith_Redish_ D   tint,LightBrowneyes,BushyEyebrows,Afull_Redish_ԀtintBeardneatlytrimmedwithfaircomplexion.(PCR5.53).  ThecriminalcomplaintfiledinthiscaseagainstMr._Swafford_ԀonJune27,1983,describedMr._Swafford_Ԁas5'8",140_lbs_,with darkbrown hairandbrowneyes.(PCR5.55).Mr.   _Swafford_sagewasnotedtobe36. !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Duckett_Ԁv.State,CaseNo.SC012149(Orderdated3/21/03)#XIXXXu=#  ($USUS.,    2    _XuXXXJustice_Pariente_ԀconcurredinJustice_Anstead_sdissenting  opinion. + ($USUS.,    3    _XuXXXJustices_Anstead_Ԁand_Pariente_ԀconcurredinJusticeQuinces  dissentingopinion.  ($USUS.,    4    _XuXXXTheStateneverarguedthatMr._Swafford_smotionwas  procedurallydefectiveortimebarred,onlythatMr._Swafford_Ԁhadfailedtoestablishareasonableprobabilityofadifferentoutcomebecauseheengagedin speculationastowhattheresultsoftheDNAtestingwouldbe.(PCR5.75).  ($USUS.,    5    _XuXXXThecircuitcourtconcludedthat, [_t]here_Ԁisnoreasonable  probabilitythatthedefendantwouldhavebeenacquittedorwouldhavereceivedalessersentenceifDNAevidencehadbeenadmittedattrial.(PCR5.79).(CEKQW]cioAutoList1A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(;3$2?e  0  .3  0   !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Zollman_Ԁv.State,820So.2d1059,1062(Fla.2ndDCA2002)#XIXXXu=#  ($USUS.,    9    _XuXXXSimilarlyin / OhioAdultParoleAuthorityv._Woodard_,523  U.S.272(1998),theUnitedStatesSupremeCourtfounddueprocessprotectionaccompaniedtheextensionoftherighttoseekclemency.IndeliveringthecontrollingpluralityopinionfortheCourt,JusticeOConnor,alongwiththree(3)otherjusticesconcludedthat, [a]prisonerunderasentenceofdeathremainsalivingpersonandconsequentlyhasaninterestinhislife.Id.   at288(O'Connor,J.,concurringinpartandconcurringinjudgment).Infindingthatdueprocessattachedtotherightseekclemency,JusticeOConnorreferencedherconcurringopinionin D Fordv.Wainwright,477U.S.399(1986).  There,Justice  \  OConnorhadfoundthat [_l]iberty_ԀinterestsprotectedbytheFourteenthAmendmentmayarisefromtwosourcestheDueProcessClauseandthelawsoftheStates.477U.S.399,428,(OConnor,J.,concurringinpart,dissentinginpart)(quoting F _Hewitt_Ԁv.Helms,459U.S.460,466(1983)). :  JusticeOConnorexplained, [_R]egardless_ԀoftheprocedurestheStatedeemsadequatefordeterminingthepreconditionstoadverseofficialaction,federallawdefinesthekindofprocessaStatemustaffordpriortodeprivinganindividualofaprotectedlibertyorpropertyinterest.Ford,377U.S.at428429. Zollman v. State, 820 So.2d 1059, 1062 (Fla. 2nd DC1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Evitts_Ԁv._Lucey_,469U.S.387(1985)#XIXXXu=##Evitts v. Lucey, 469 U.S. 387 (1985)1&Rivera v. State, Case No. SC01H2523 (Order dated 7/1 !USUS.,  _XuXXXRiverav.State,CaseNo.SC012523(Orderdated7/11/02)#XIXXXu=# !USUS.,  _XuXXXOhioAdultParoleAuthorityv._Woodard_,523U.S.272(1998)#XIXXXu=# ($USUS.,    7    _XuXXXRayCass,Mr._Swafford_strialattorney,didnotreceivea  seriesoflettersthatwereintheStatespossessionandwerewrittenby,toorregardingMr.Harper.Theseincluded:1)ahandwrittenletterfromMr.HarpertoMr.Whitedated8/12/84,whichincludedthestatement: Illkeepmyendofthedealif X  youwill.ThewaythingsaregoingIllbeoutbeforeyouget_Swafford_Ԁtotrial.Believeme,Icanbeveryinstrumentalin  weather[sic]ornotmyfamilyinTennesseemakeittothetrial. \ ..Iknowyoucanhavemeheldincontemptofcourtfornottestifying,butthatsexactlywhatyour[sic]goingtohavetodo.Idontwanttosee_Swafford_Ԁgetoutofthisnomorethanyoudo.ButIm_intitled_Ԁ[sic]toreliefandIwantitnow,notnextyear!(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.9)(emphasisadded);2)ahandwrittenletterfromMr.HarpertoGeneWhitedated5/16/85,whichincludedanotherefforttogetconsideration: Imwritingtoaskifyouwillhelpgetmetoworkrelease(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.10);3)ahandwrittenlettertoGeneWhitedated8/5/85,whichincludedthefollowingstatement: IfinishmysentenceinDec.85,4monthsfromnow,butIstillwantoutassoonaspossible!!LikeIsaid_befor_,[sic]Idonotwantaparolebuttheycouldjustletmego,iftheywanted!IwroteandaskDaveHudsonabouttherewardthatwassupposetobeofferedbutheneveranswered.Iminterest[sic]inthat,cantherewardbecollected?(PCR4TDef._Exh_.12);4)atypedletterfromGeneWhitetotheFloridaParoleCommissiondatedAugust27,1985,whichsoughttheParoleCommissionto giveMr.Harperdueconsideration(PCR4T.Def._Exh_Ԁ13);5)atypedletterfromaParoleCommissionertoGeneWhitedatedAugust30,1985,whichindicatedthatMr.HarperspresumptiveparolereleasedatewasOctober18,1990,andthattheCommissionwouldmakeMr.White'sletter apartofMr.Harpersfileandwillbegiveneveryconsideration(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.14).RogerHarperfiledonNovember12,1985(theverydayMr.Swaffordwassentencedtodeath)aMotionforMitigationofSentenceinhisBayCountycase.(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.17).Eventhoughthemotionwasuntimely,itwasgrantedandMr.Harperwasorderedtobereleasedimmediately.(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.18).ThiseffectivelygrantedMr.HarperwhatheaskedforfromGeneWhiteinhisAugust5,1985,letter( Idonotwantaparolebuttheycouldjustletmego,iftheywanted!).(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.12).#XIXXXue#Swafford v. State, 828 So. 2d 966 (Fla. 2002)  ($USUS.,    10    _XuXXXOfcourse,theStatedidnotdiscloseitsdestructionof  thevictimsknownblooduntilafterMr._Swafford_ԀmadehisrequestforDNAtestingoftheevidenceunderRule3.853.Certainly,thetimingofdisclosureissuspect.Moreover,noevidencehasbeenadmittedatanevidentiaryhearingtosubstantiatetheStatesassertion.XuXXXuUnderFloridalaw,the . Statesrelianceuponadocumentthatwasnotpreviouslypartoftherecordamountstoaconcessionthatanevidentiaryhearingisrequired.  _McClain_Ԁv.State,629So.2d320(Fla.1stDCA `  1993)( Weconsiderthestatesadmittedinabilitytorefuteallegationswithoutrecoursetomattersoutsidetherecord,warrantsreversalofthatportionoftheorderwhichdeniedappellantsineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaims); , _Gholston_   v.State,648So.2d192(Fla.1stDCA1994)(same).#XuXXXu #<:footnote ref-Gholston v. State, 648 So.2d 192 (Fla. 1st DCA 191  !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Gholston_Ԁv.State,    648So.2d192(Fla.1stDCA1994)#XIXXXu=#(EhCEKQW]cioAutoList21.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.'Ohio Adult Parole Authority v. Woodard, 523 U.S. 271 !USUS.,  _XuXXXFordv.Wainwright,477U.S.399(1986)#XIXXXu=#(UhCEKQW]cioAutoList31.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. W ($USUS.,    11    _XuXXXMr._Swafford_ԀacknowledgesthatthisCourthasdeniedrelief  toothercapitaldefendantswhohavepresentedthisCourtwithchallengestotheirdeathsentencesonthebasisofRingv. \ Arizona.ThisCourthasconsistentlyaddressedSixthAmendment 2 claimspremisedupon_Apprendi_andRingonthemeritswhile X denyingrelief.See_Bottoson_Ԁv.State,813So.2d31,36(Fla. . 2002);Kingv.State,808So.2d1237(Fla.2002);Millsv.   Moore,786So.2d532,53637(Fla.2001).Mr._Swafford_Ԁsubmits   thatthisCourthaserredinitsanalysisofRingclaimsforthe `  samereasonsthathearguesthatthecircuitcourterredintheproceedingsbelow.  ($USUS.,    12    _XuXXXEventhoughtheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtinitsopinion  didnotsuggestthatRinghadanyimplicationsforthecapital  sentencingschemesinNevadaorMissouriorinjurysentencingstateslikeOhio,thecourtsinthosestatestookthelogicofthedecisioninRing,analyzedtheirstatelaw,andreachedthe X conclusionthatundertheprinciplesenunciatedinRingthat . SixthAmendmenterrorwaspresentinindividualcases.  ($USUS.,    13    _XuXXXTheseopinionsshowdisparityinapplicationofharmless  erroranalysistotheSixthAmendmentviolationdefinedbyRing.  Seealso_Esparza_Ԁv.Mitchell,310F.3dat421. !USUS.,  _CX"xXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.State,    828So.2d966(Fla.2002)#IXXXX"x@#  ($USUS.,    14    _XuXXXAsimilardecisionwasreachedinPeoplev.Swift,781  N.E.2d292(Ill.2002)(noncapitalapplicationofRingina  murdercase).TheretheIllinoisSupremeCourtstated, thesentencingrangeforfirstdegreemurderinIllinoisis20to60yearsimprisonment.Thisistheonlyrangeofsentencepermissiblebasedonanordinaryjuryverdictofguilt.781N.E.2dat300.Accordingly,asentenceabovethatrangeimposed   ^ afterajudgefoundoneaggravatingfactorwasoverturned.  ($USUS.,    15    _XuXXXInWrinklesv.State,776N.E.2d905(Ind.2002),the  IndianaSupremeCourtfounditunnecessarytoconsidertheimplicationsofRinginasuccessorpostconvictionmotion \ becausethedefendanthadbeenconvictedofthreemurderstherebyrenderingthedefendantdeatheligible.(ehCEKQW]cioAutoList41.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.  ($USUS.,    16    _XuXXXTheobviousandimportantdistinctionsfromFlorida  include:1)theunanimityrequirementonwhichthejuryisinstructed,2)thechargingrequirement,and3)theprovisionunderIndianalawspecificallyrequiringthejurytodeterminewhetheroneormoreaggravatingcircumstancesarepresent.  TheIndianalegislaturespecificallydefinedtheeligibilityissuesolelyuponthepresenceofoneaggravatingcircumstance.TheFloridalegislaturehasdefinedtheissuedifferently,andhasnotsoughttomodifythestatuteinthewakeofRing.The `  _sentencer_Ԁistodeterminewhether  sufficient aggravating 6   circumstancesexisttowarranttheimpositionofadeathsentence,andifso,whether#XIXXXuf#XuXXXI thereareinsufficientmitigating  @  circumstancestooutweightheaggravatingcircumstances.#XIXXXu#ԀXuXXXIFla.   Stat.921.141(3)(emphasisadded).#XIXXXu# s ($USUS.,    17    _XuXXXHowever,theIndianalegislaturehadamendedthestatute  aftertheRingdecisiontorequirethatthejurymakeaspecial  findingthatithadunanimouslyfoundoneormoreofthechargedaggravatingcircumstancesbeyondareasonabledoubt.BoththeIndianaSupremeCourtandtheIndianalegislatureimplicitlyrecognizedthat_Hildwin_Ԁv.Floridadidnotsurvivethereasoning . ofRing.  ($USUS.,    18    _XuXXXThisisdecidedlydifferentthanFloridalawwhichrequires  1)thepresenceofanaggravatingcircumstance;2)thedeterminationthatsufficientaggravatingcircumstancesarepresenttojustifyadeathsentence;and3)theaggravatingcircumstancesarenotoutweighedbythemitigatingcircumstances.921.141,Fla.Stat. ; ($USUS.,    19    _XuXXXThefirstdefinitionunderthestatuteisintentional  murder.Thesecondthroughtheseventhdefinitionsarepremiseduponalternativeaggravatingcircumstances.<:footnote tex   5+ 4 <DL5XXXC<6X9`(CourierCC<6X9`(CourierC  5+ 4 <DL5   C ($USUS.,    20    _XuXXXRecently,Justice_Pariente_ԀcitedBricefortheproposition  thatthe determinationthat_aggravators_ԀoutweighthemitigatorsisnotafactualfindingthatmustbemadebyjuryunderRing. \ _Duest_Ԁv.State,_FSC_ԀCaseNo.SC002366,slipat34(Fla.June26, 2 2003).Unfortunately,thisoverlooksthefactthattheDelawarelegislaturespecificallydefinedtheissuedifferentlythantheFloridalegislaturehasdefinedit(underDelawarelaw,theguiltphaseverdictincludesaggravatingcircumstancesfromthepenaltyphase).ThereallessonofBriceisthattheproperRing `  analysismustfocusontheFloridastatutewhichsetsforththreefactualfindingsthatmustbemadebeforethedefendantisdeatheligible. !USUS.,  _XuXXXGaskinv.State,    737So.2d509(Fla.1999)#XIXXXu=#?Gaskin v. State, 737 So.2d 509, 517 (Fla. 1999)1  ($USUS.,    21    _XuXXXThestepsaredefinedandnumberedsomewhatdifferently  thantheyareinFloridasstatute.ButtheNevadastatuteismuchclosertotheFloridastatutethaneithertheAlabamaorDelawarestatutes.AccordingtotheNevadaSupremeCourt,thelegislativedefinitionofcapitalmurderdeterminedwhat factsweresubjecttotherighttotrialbyjury. 2 ($USUS.,    22    _XuXXXSignificantly,asecondstepismissinginthecapital  schemesinIndiana,AlabamaandDelawareasconstruedbythestatesupremecourtsinthosestates.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular0Ford v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399 (1986)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Hewitt_Ԁv.Helms,459U.S.460,466(1983)#XIXXXu=#EHewitt v. Helms, 459 U.S. 460, 466 (1983)1  ($USUS.,    21    _HXuXXXThestepsaredefinedandnumberedsomewhatdifferently  thantheyareinFloridasstatute.ButtheNevadastatuteismuchclosertotheFloridastatutethaneithertheAlabamaorDelawarestatutes.AccordingtotheNevadaSupremeCourt,thelegislativedefinitionofcapitalmurderdeterminedwhat factsweresubjecttotherighttotrialbyjury.Certainly,therightofconfrontationwouldapplytoproceedingsatwhichtheStatewasheldtoprovetheseelementsatajurytrialbecausebothrightsarisefromthesamesource,theSixthAmendment.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular5Swafford v. State, 828 So. 2d 966 (Fla. 2002)1 !USUS.,  _LX"xXXXBradyv.Maryland,373U.S.83(1963)#MXXXX"x=#<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular($0 ($0 0 (($0 0 0 KBrady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)1  !USUS.,  _XuXXXStatev._Gunsby_,670#XIXXXu=#XuXXXIԀSo.2d920(Fla.1996)#XIXXXu#RState v. Gunsby, 670 So.2d 920 (Fla. 1996)1 ($USUS.,    1    _UXuXXXJusticeLewisconcurredinresultonly.<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    2    _WXuXXXJustice_Pariente_ԀconcurredinJustice_Anstead_sdissenting  opinion.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.State,    828So.2d966(Fla.2002)#XIXXXu@#YSwafford v. State, 828 So. 2d 966 (Fla. 2002)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXXBradyv.Maryland,373U.S.83(1963)#XIXXXu=#[Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)1Swafford v. State, 828 So. 2d 966 (Fla. 2002) !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Swafford_Ԁv._Dugger_,569So.2d1264(Fla.1990)#XIXXXu=#^Swafford v. Dugger, 569 So. 2d 1264 (Fla. 1990)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.Singletary,584So.2d5(Fla.1991)#XIXXXu=#`Swafford v. Singletary, 584 So. 2d 5 (Fla. 1991)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.State,636So.2d1309(Fla.1994)#XIXXXu=#bSwafford v. State, 636 So. 2d 1309 (Fla. 1994)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.State,679So.2d736(Fla.1996)#XIXXXu=#dSwafford v. State, 679 So. 2d 736 (Fla. 1996)1 + ($USUS.,    3    _gXuXXXJustices_Anstead_Ԁand_Pariente_ԀconcurredinJusticeQuinces  dissentingopinion.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular !USUS.,  _iX"xXXX_Swafford_Ԁv._Dugger_,569So.2d1264(Fla.1990)#jXXXX"x=#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularhSwafford v. Dugger, 569 So. 2d 1264 (Fla. 1990)1 !USUS.,  _mX"xXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.Singletary,584So.2d5(Fla.1991)#nXXXX"x=#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularlSwafford v. Singletary, 584 So. 2d 5 (Fla. 1991)1 !USUS.,  _qX"xXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.State,636So.2d1309(Fla.1994)#rXXXX"x=#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularpSwafford v. State, 636 So. 2d 1309 (Fla. 1994)1 !USUS.,  _uX"xXXX_Swafford_Ԁv.State,679So.2d736(Fla.1996)#xXXXX"x=#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Hamwi_Ԁv.State,    805So.2d101(Fla4thDCA2002)#XIXXXu=#vHamwi v. State, 805 So.2d 101 (Fla 4th DCA 2002)1(9 Z6Times New Roman RegulartSwafford v. State, 679 So. 2d 736 (Fla. 1996)1  ($USUS.,    4    _{XuXXXTheStateneverarguedthatMr._Swafford_smotionwas  procedurallydefectiveortimebarred,onlythatMr._Swafford_Ԁhadfailedtoestablishareasonableprobabilityofadifferentoutcomebecauseheengagedin speculationastowhattheresultsoftheDNAtestingwouldbe.(PCR5.75).<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    5    _XuXXXThecircuitcourtconcludedthat, [_t]here_Ԁisnoreasonable  probabilitythatthedefendantwouldhavebeenacquittedorwouldhavereceivedalessersentenceifDNAevidencehadbeenadmittedattrial.(PCR5.79). !USUS.,  _XuXXXCardv.State,    652So.2d344(Fla.1995)#XIXXXu=#}Card v. State, 652 So. 2d 344, 346 (Fla. 1995)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXXSwaffordv.State,    679So.2d736(Fla.1996)#XIXXXu=#Swafford v. State, 679 So.2d 736 (Fla. 1996)1$57=CIQYag421.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)Roberts v. State, 678 So.2d 1232 (Fla. 1996)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXXScottv.State,    657So.2d1129(Fla.1995)#XIXXXu=#Scott v. State, 657 So.2d 1129 (Fla. 1995)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_McClain_Ԁv.State,    629So.2d320(Fla.1stDCA1993)#XIXXXu=#McClain v. State, 629 So.2d 320 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991  !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Gholston_Ԁv.State,    648So.2d192(Fla.1stDCA1994)#XIXXXu=#Gholston v. State, 648 So.2d 192 (Fla. 1st DCA 191<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    6    _XuXXX_Volusia_ԀCountySheriffInvestigator_Buscher_ԀinhisAugust  10,1982,report,discussedSpecialAgentBakersinterviewofJamesWalsh.Therein,itwasreportedthatAgentBakerdescribedWalsh asbeing6'1",165lbs., blonde hair,blueeyeswitha 2 ruddycomplexion.AttachmentD.Thereportshowedhisagetobe31.TheBOLOissuedonFebruary16,1982,includedthecompositefoundinWalshspossessionatthetimeofhisarrestinArkansasamonthafterthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide.TheBOLOincludedthefollowingdescriptionofthesuspect: late20'stoearly30's,160to170_lbs_,5'10"to6'0"tall, Brown hairwith_Redish_ D   tint,LightBrowneyes,BushyEyebrows,Afull_Redish_ԀtintBeardneatlytrimmedwithfaircomplexion.(PCR5.53).  ThecriminalcomplaintfiledinthiscaseagainstMr._Swafford_ԀonJune27,1983,describedMr._Swafford_Ԁas5'8",140_lbs_,with darkbrown hairandbrowneyes.(PCR5.55).Mr.   _Swafford_sagewasnotedtobe36.<4 9Z+ Courier New  ($USUS.,    7    _XuXXX#XIXXXue#XuXXXIRayCass,Mr._Swafford_strialattorney,didnotreceivea  seriesoflettersthatwereintheStatespossessionandwerewrittenby,toorregardingMr.Harper.Theseincluded:1)ahandwrittenletterfromMr.HarpertoMr.Whitedated8/12/84,whichincludedthestatement: Illkeepmyendofthedealif X  youwill.ThewaythingsaregoingIllbeoutbeforeyouget_Swafford_Ԁtotrial.Believeme,Icanbeveryinstrumentalin  weather[sic]ornotmyfamilyinTennesseemakeittothetrial. \ ..Iknowyoucanhavemeheldincontemptofcourtfornottestifying,butthatsexactlywhatyour[sic]goingtohavetodo.Idontwanttosee_Swafford_Ԁgetoutofthisnomorethanyoudo.ButIm_intitled_Ԁ[sic]toreliefandIwantitnow,notnextyear!(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.9)(emphasisadded);2)ahandwrittenletterfromMr.HarpertoGeneWhitedated5/16/85,whichincludedanotherefforttogetconsideration: Imwritingtoaskifyouwillhelpgetmetoworkrelease(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.10);3)ahandwrittenlettertoGeneWhitedated8/5/85,whichincludedthefollowingstatement: IfinishmysentenceinDec.85,4monthsfromnow,butIstillwantoutassoonaspossible!!LikeIsaid_befor_,[sic]Idonotwantaparolebuttheycouldjustletmego,iftheywanted!IwroteandaskDaveHudsonabouttherewardthatwassupposetobeofferedbutheneveranswered.Iminterest[sic]inthat,cantherewardbecollected?(PCR4TDef._Exh_.12);4)atypedletterfromGeneWhitetotheFloridaParoleCommissiondatedAugust27,1985,whichsoughttheParoleCommissionto giveMr.Harperdueconsideration(PCR4T.Def._Exh_Ԁ13);5)atypedletterfromaParoleCommissionertoGeneWhitedatedAugust30,1985,whichindicatedthatMr.HarperspresumptiveparolereleasedatewasOctober18,1990,andthattheCommissionwouldmakeMr.White'sletter apartofMr.Harpersfileandwillbegiveneveryconsideration(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.14).RogerHarperfiledonNovember12,1985(theverydayMr.Swaffordwassentencedtodeath)aMotionforMitigationofSentenceinhisBayCountycase.(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.17).Eventhoughthemotionwasuntimely,itwasgrantedandMr.Harperwasorderedtobereleasedimmediately.(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.18).ThiseffectivelygrantedMr.HarperwhatheaskedforfromGeneWhiteinhisAugust5,1985,letter( Idonotwantaparolebuttheycouldjustletmego,iftheywanted!).(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.12).#XIXXXu#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular<6X9`(Courier - !USUS.,  _Ԁ  8  XuXXXInhisclosingargument,thetrialprosecutorrecognizedthat  therewasaproblemwiththetestimonyfromMr.GriswoldandMs._Sarniak_.Soheargued, WhatisimportantontheShingleShackepisodewherethegunwasrecoveredis,one,therewasagunrecovered,andthegunistheonewhichwasidentifiedhereby $t  theserialnumbersbythepoliceofficersandplacedintherecords.(R.1393).Later,hecalledthematter aredherringrunbeforeyourpathheretoday.(R.1394).Hewroteoffthecontradictorytestimonysaying, Theonlypersonthathadanyreasontothrowawaythatgunwasthepersonthatthepolicewereafter,thepersonthatthepolicesuspected.TheywereafterMr._Swafford_.Hewastheonlyonethattheywereafter.Isamanjustgoingtothrowawayagunwhenthereisnobodyquestioninghimanditdoesn'tevenappeartobesimilartoanything?(R.1394).  OfcoursethejurydidnotknowthatonFebruary14,1982,Mr.WalshtoldMr._Lestz_ԀtodrivearoundtheDaytonaBeachareasothathecouldfindaplacetounloadtwo.38s.Thisinformationwascontainedinapolicereportthatwasnotreceivedbydefensecounselandwouldhaveprovidedananswertotheprosecutorsotherwiserhetoricalquestion.#XIXXXu^#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular  !USUS.,  _XXXX_Gholston_Ԁv.State,    648So.2d192(Fla.1stDCA1994)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularGholston v. State, 648 So.2d 192 (Fla. 1st DCA 191 !USUS.,  _XXXXGaskinv.State,    737So.2d509(Fla.1999)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularGaskin v. State, 737 So.2d 509, 517 (Fla. 1999)1 !USUS.,  _XXXX_Hamwi_Ԁv.State,    805So.2d101(Fla4thDCA2002)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularHamwi v. State, 805 So.2d 101 (Fla 4th DCA 2002)1 !USUS.,  _XXXXCardv.State,    652So.2d344(Fla.1995)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularCard v. State, 652 So. 2d 344, 346 (Fla. 1995)1 !USUS.,  _XuXXX_Maharaj_Ԁv.State,    684So.2d726(Fla.1996)#XIXXXu=#Maharaj v. State, 684 So. 2d 726, 728 (Fla. 1996)1 !USUS.,  _XXXXSwaffordv.State,    679So.2d736(Fla.1996)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularSwafford v. State, 679 So.2d 736 (Fla. 1996)1 !USUS.,  _XXXXRobertsv.State,    678So.2d1232(Fla.1996)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularRoberts v. State, 678 So.2d 1232 (Fla. 1996)1 !USUS.,  _XXXXScottv.State,    657So.2d1129(Fla.1995)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularScott v. State, 657 So.2d 1129 (Fla. 1995)1 !USUS.,  _XXXX_Maharaj_Ԁv.State,    684So.2d726(Fla.1996)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularMaharaj v. State, 684 So. 2d 726, 728 (Fla. 1996)1 !USUS.,  _XXXX_Zollman_Ԁv.State,820So.2d1059,1062(Fla.2ndDCA2002)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularZollman v. State, 820 So.2d 1059, 1062 (Fla. 2nd DC1 !USUS.,  _XXXX_Evitts_Ԁv._Lucey_,469U.S.387(1985)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularEvitts v. Lucey, 469 U.S. 387 (1985)1  ($USUS.,    9    _XuXXXSimilarlyin / OhioAdultParoleAuthorityv._Woodard_,523  U.S.272(1998),theUnitedStatesSupremeCourtfounddueprocessprotectionaccompaniedtheextensionoftherighttoseekclemency.IndeliveringthecontrollingpluralityopinionfortheCourt,JusticeOConnor,alongwiththree(3)otherjusticesconcludedthat, [a]prisonerunderasentenceofdeathremainsalivingpersonandconsequentlyhasaninterestinhislife.Id.   at288(O'Connor,J.,concurringinpartandconcurringinjudgment).Infindingthatdueprocessattachedtotherightseekclemency,JusticeOConnorreferencedherconcurringopinionin D Fordv.Wainwright,477U.S.399(1986).  There,Justice  \  OConnorhadfoundthat [_l]iberty_ԀinterestsprotectedbytheFourteenthAmendmentmayarisefromtwosourcestheDueProcessClauseandthelawsoftheStates.477U.S.399,428,(OConnor,J.,concurringinpart,dissentinginpart)(quoting F _Hewitt_Ԁv.Helms,459U.S.460,466(1983)). :  JusticeOConnorexplained, [_R]egardless_ԀoftheprocedurestheStatedeemsadequatefordeterminingthepreconditionstoadverseofficialaction,federallawdefinesthekindofprocessaStatemustaffordpriortodeprivinganindividualofaprotectedlibertyorpropertyinterest.Ford,377U.S.at428429.<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular !USUS.,  _XXXX_Duckett_Ԁv.State,CaseNo.SC012149(Orderdated3/21/03)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularDuckett v. State, Case No. SC01H2149 (Order dated 31 !USUS.,  _XXXXRiverav.State,CaseNo.SC012523(Orderdated7/11/02)#X4hXXX=#<4 9Z+ Courier New (9 Z6Times New Roman RegularRivera v. State, Case No. SC01H2523 (Order dated 7/1  ($USUS.,    10    _XuXXXOfcourse,theStatedidnotdiscloseitsdestructionof  thevictimsknownblooduntilafterMr._Swafford_ԀmadehisrequestforDNAtestingoftheevidenceunderRule3.853.Certainly,thetimingofdisclosureissuspect.Moreover,noevidencehasbeenadmittedatanevidentiaryhearingtosubstantiatetheStatesassertion.XuXXXuUnderFloridalaw,the . Statesrelianceuponadocumentthatwasnotpreviouslypartoftherecordamountstoaconcessionthatanevidentiaryhearingisrequired.  _McClain_Ԁv.State,629So.2d320(Fla.1stDCA `  1993)( Weconsiderthestatesadmittedinabilitytorefuteallegationswithoutrecoursetomattersoutsidetherecord,warrantsreversalofthatportionoftheorderwhichdeniedappellantsineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaims); , _Gholston_   v.State,648So.2d192(Fla.1stDCA1994)(same).#XuXXXu #<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular<6X9`(Courier  !USUS.,  _XXXXStatev._Gunsby_,670#X4hXXX=#XXXX4hԀSo.2d920(Fla.1996)#X4hXXX#<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularState v. Gunsby, 670 So.2d 920 (Fla. 1996)1 W ($USUS.,    11    _XuXXXMr._Swafford_ԀacknowledgesthatthisCourthasdeniedrelief  toothercapitaldefendantswhohavepresentedthisCourtwithchallengestotheirdeathsentencesonthebasisofRingv. \ Arizona.ThisCourthasconsistentlyaddressedSixthAmendment 2 claimspremisedupon_Apprendi_andRingonthemeritswhile X denyingrelief.See_Bottoson_Ԁv.State,813So.2d31,36(Fla. . 2002);Kingv.State,808So.2d1237(Fla.2002);Millsv.   Moore,786So.2d532,53637(Fla.2001).Mr._Swafford_Ԁsubmits   thatthisCourthaserredinitsanalysisofRingclaimsforthe `  samereasonsthathearguesthatthecircuitcourterredintheproceedingsbelow.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    12    _XuXXXEventhoughtheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtinitsopinion  didnotsuggestthatRinghadanyimplicationsforthecapital  sentencingschemesinNevadaorMissouriorinjurysentencingstateslikeOhio,thecourtsinthosestatestookthelogicofthedecisioninRing,analyzedtheirstatelaw,andreachedthe X conclusionthatundertheprinciplesenunciatedinRingthat . SixthAmendmenterrorwaspresentinindividualcases.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    13    _XuXXXTheseopinionsshowdisparityinapplicationofharmless  erroranalysistotheSixthAmendmentviolationdefinedbyRing.  Seealso_Esparza_Ԁv.Mitchell,310F.3dat421.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    14    _XuXXXAsimilardecisionwasreachedinPeoplev.Swift,781  N.E.2d292(Ill.2002)(noncapitalapplicationofRingina  murdercase).TheretheIllinoisSupremeCourtstated, thesentencingrangeforfirstdegreemurderinIllinoisis20to60yearsimprisonment.Thisistheonlyrangeofsentencepermissiblebasedonanordinaryjuryverdictofguilt.781N.E.2dat300.Accordingly,asentenceabovethatrangeimposed    afterajudgefoundoneaggravatingfactorwasoverturned.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    15    _XuXXXInWrinklesv.State,776N.E.2d905(Ind.2002),the  IndianaSupremeCourtfounditunnecessarytoconsidertheimplicationsofRinginasuccessorpostconvictionmotion \ becausethedefendanthadbeenconvictedofthreemurderstherebyrenderingthedefendantdeatheligible.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    16    _XuXXXTheobviousandimportantdistinctionsfromFlorida  include:1)theunanimityrequirementonwhichthejuryisinstructed,2)thechargingrequirement,and3)theprovisionunderIndianalawspecificallyrequiringthejurytodeterminewhetheroneormoreaggravatingcircumstancesarepresent.  TheIndianalegislaturespecificallydefinedtheeligibilityissuesolelyuponthepresenceofoneaggravatingcircumstance.TheFloridalegislaturehasdefinedtheissuedifferently,andhasnotsoughttomodifythestatuteinthewakeofRing.The `  _sentencer_Ԁistodeterminewhether  sufficient aggravating 6   circumstancesexisttowarranttheimpositionofadeathsentence,andifso,whether#XIXXXuf#XuXXXI thereareinsufficientmitigating  @  circumstancestooutweightheaggravatingcircumstances.#XIXXXu#ԀXuXXXIFla.   Stat.921.141(3)(emphasisadded).#XIXXXu#<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular<6X9`(Courier s ($USUS.,    17    _XuXXXHowever,theIndianalegislaturehadamendedthestatute  aftertheRingdecisiontorequirethatthejurymakeaspecial  findingthatithadunanimouslyfoundoneormoreofthechargedaggravatingcircumstancesbeyondareasonabledoubt.BoththeIndianaSupremeCourtandtheIndianalegislatureimplicitlyrecognizedthat_Hildwin_Ԁv.Floridadidnotsurvivethereasoning . ofRing.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    18    _XuXXXThisisdecidedlydifferentthanFloridalawwhichrequires  1)thepresenceofanaggravatingcircumstance;2)thedeterminationthatsufficientaggravatingcircumstancesarepresenttojustifyadeathsentence;and3)theaggravatingcircumstancesarenotoutweighedbythemitigatingcircumstances.921.141,Fla.Stat.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular ; ($USUS.,    19    _XuXXXThefirstdefinitionunderthestatuteisintentional  murder.Thesecondthroughtheseventhdefinitionsarepremiseduponalternativeaggravatingcircumstances.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular C ($USUS.,    20    _XuXXXRecently,Justice_Pariente_ԀcitedBricefortheproposition  thatthe determinationthat_aggravators_ԀoutweighthemitigatorsisnotafactualfindingthatmustbemadebyjuryunderRing. \ _Duest_Ԁv.State,_FSC_ԀCaseNo.SC002366,slipat34(Fla.June26, 2 2003).Unfortunately,thisoverlooksthefactthattheDelawarelegislaturespecificallydefinedtheissuedifferentlythantheFloridalegislaturehasdefinedit(underDelawarelaw,theguiltphaseverdictincludesaggravatingcircumstancesfromthepenaltyphase).ThereallessonofBriceisthattheproperRing `  analysismustfocusontheFloridastatutewhichsetsforththreefactualfindingsthatmustbemadebeforethedefendantisdeatheligible.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    21    _XuXXXThestepsaredefinedandnumberedsomewhatdifferently  thantheyareinFloridasstatute.ButtheNevadastatuteismuchclosertotheFloridastatutethaneithertheAlabamaorDelawarestatutes.AccordingtotheNevadaSupremeCourt,thelegislativedefinitionofcapitalmurderdeterminedwhat factsweresubjecttotherighttotrialbyjury.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular 2 ($USUS.,    22    _XuXXXSignificantly,asecondstepismissinginthecapital  schemesinIndiana,AlabamaandDelawareasconstruedbythestatesupremecourtsinthosestates.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular  ($USUS.,    9    _XuXXXSimilarlyin / OhioAdultParoleAuthorityv._Woodard_,523  U.S.272(1998),theUnitedStatesSupremeCourtfounddueprocessprotectionaccompaniedtheextensionoftherighttoseekclemency.IndeliveringthecontrollingpluralityopinionfortheCourt,JusticeOConnor,alongwiththree(3)otherjusticesconcludedthat, [a]prisonerunderasentenceofdeathremainsalivingpersonandconsequentlyhasaninterestinhislife.Id.   at288(O'Connor,J.,concurringinpartandconcurringinjudgment).Infindingthatdueprocessattachedtotherightseekclemency,JusticeOConnorreferencedherconcurringopinionin D Fordv.Wainwright,477U.S.399(1986).  There,Justice  \  OConnorhadfoundthat [_l]iberty_ԀinterestsprotectedbytheFourteenthAmendmentmayarisefromtwosourcestheDueProcessClauseandthelawsoftheStates.477U.S.399,428,(OConnor,J.,concurringinpart,dissentinginpart)(quoting F _Hewitt_Ԁv.Helms,459U.S.460,466(1983)). :  JusticeOConnorexplained, [_R]egardless_ԀoftheprocedurestheStatedeemsadequatefordeterminingthepreconditionstoadverseofficialaction,federallawdefinesthekindofprocessaStatemustaffordpriortodeprivinganindividualofaprotectedlibertyorpropertyinterest.Ford,377U.S.at428429.<4 9Z+.Courier New Regular C ($USUS.,    20    _XuXXXRecently,Justice_Pariente_ԀcitedBricefortheproposition  thatthe determinationthat_aggravators_ԀoutweighthemitigatorsisnotafactualfindingthatmustbemadebyjuryunderRing. \ _Duest_Ԁv.State,_FSC_ԀCaseNo.SC002366,slipat34(Fla.June26, 2 2003).Unfortunately,thisoverlooksthefactthattheDelawarelegislaturespecificallydefinedtheissuedifferentlythantheFloridalegislaturehasdefinedit(underDelawarelaw,theguiltphaseverdictincludesaggravatingcircumstancesfromthepenaltyphase).ThereallessonofBriceisthattheproperRing `  analysismustfocusontheFloridastatutewhichsetsforththreefactualfindingsthatmustbemadebeforethedefendantisdeatheligible.<Q 9Z .Courier New Regular - !USUS.,  _Ԁ  8  XuXXXInhisclosingargument,thetrialprosecutorrecognizedthat  therewasaproblemwiththetestimonyfromMr.GriswoldandMs._Sarniak_.Soheargued, WhatisimportantontheShingleShackepisodewherethegunwasrecoveredis,one,therewasagunrecovered,andthegunistheonewhichwasidentifiedhereby $t ? theserialnumbersbythepoliceofficersandplacedintherecords.(R.1393).Later,hecalledthematter aredherringrunbeforeyourpathheretoday.(R.1394).Hewroteoffthecontradictorytestimonysaying, Theonlypersonthathadanyreasontothrowawaythatgunwasthepersonthatthepolicewereafter,thepersonthatthepolicesuspected.TheywereafterMr._Swafford_.Hewastheonlyonethattheywereafter.Isamanjustgoingtothrowawayagunwhenthereisnobodyquestioninghimanditdoesn'tevenappeartobesimilartoanything?(R.1394).  OfcoursethejurydidnotknowthatonFebruary14,1982,Mr.WalshtoldMr._Lestz_ԀtodrivearoundtheDaytonaBeachareasothathecouldfindaplacetounloadtwo.38s.Thisinformationwascontainedinapolicereportthatwasnotreceivedbydefensecounselandwouldhaveprovidedananswertotheprosecutorsotherwiserhetoricalquestion.#XIXXXu^#NOP67(2$0 0 0 0 (<$0 0 0 0 0 91($ d !USUS.,  _XuXXX@  INTHESUPREMECOURTOFFLORIDA  @!CASENO.SC031153?FX' pdE4?p? @ @ ROYCLIFTON_SWAFFORD_#XIXXXu=#XuXXXI, 3  @*  Appellant,  K @tt)v.@"STATEOFFLORIDA,@*  Appellee. S  ?FX' xpdE4p? k  @l l ONAPPEALFROMTHECIRCUITCOURT@l l OFTHESEVENTHJUDICIALCIRCUIT,@ INANDFOR_VOLUSIA_ԀCOUNTY,STATEOFFLORIDA?FX' 8pdE4p?  ?FX' dE X? Y @ INITIALBRIEFOFAPPELLANT?FX' dE ? H    `     h   MARTINJ._MCCLAIN_   `     h   SpecialAssistant_CCRC_ԄSouth   `     h   FloridaBarNo.0754773   `     h   141_N.E._Ԁ30thStreet C#'    `     h   WiltonManors,FL33334   `     h   (305)9848344   %[ )  0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#OFFICEOFTHECAPITALCOLLATERAL &"+ REGIONALCOUNSELSOUTH (#(#    `     h   101_N.E._Ԁ3RDAve.,Suite400 (#-    `     h   Ft.Lauderdale,FL33301   `     h   (954)7131284 #XIXXXu#XuXXXI U*%/     `     h   COUNSELFORAPPELLANT  ,C(2   -')3 7uXXdd7@    PRELIMINARYSTATEMENT  , Ԉ    Citationsinthisbrieftodesignatereferencestotherecords,followedbytheappropriatepagenumber,areasfollows:  R.___RecordonappealtothisCourtinthe1988directappeal;  PCR1.___RecordonappealtothisCourtfromthe1990summarydenialofpostconvictionrelief#XIXXXu #XuXXXI; $    PCR2.___RecordonappealtothisCourtfromthe1994appealfromthesecondsummarydenialofpostconvictionrelief;  PCR3.___RecordonappealtothisCourtfromthe1996appealfromthethirdsummarydenialofpostconvictionrelief;  PCR4.___RecordonappealtothisCourtfollowingthe1997evidentiaryhearingorderedbythisCourt;  PCR4T.___TranscriptofevidentiaryhearingconductedFebruary67,1997;#XIXXXu #XuXXXI 4   PCR5.___RecordonappealtothisCourtintheappealfromthedenialof#XIXXXuD#XuXXXIDNAtesting;     PCR6.___Recordonappealinthecurrentappealfromthedenialof#XIXXXu#XuXXXIRule3.850motionfiledin2003;#XIXXXu#XuXXXI "4$   Allothercitationswillbeselfexplanatoryorwillotherwisebeexplained.  '8#* #XIXXXu#XuXXXI@  REQUESTFORORALARGUMENT  9Ԉ    Thisisacapitalcasependingincollateralproceedings.Afullopportunitytoairtheissuesthroughoralargumentisnecessarygiventheseriousnessoftheclaimsandtheissuesraisedhere.Mr._Swafford_,throughcounsel,respectfullyurgestheCourttopermitoralargument.#XIXXXu#XuXXXI ( x   $    @"   TABLEOFCONTENTS  xԈ  H!H!G(# Page  j 5   N  N0     PRELIMINARYSTATEMENT#""J(#.(#(##_jijjIj_N4݌ J Ќ  N  N0     REQUESTFORORALARGUMENT#8"8"I(#.hh#(#(##iiN.݌   Ќ  N  N0     TABLEOFCONTENTS#!!H(#. (#(##iiiN݌ R   Ќ  N  N0     TABLEOFAUTHORITIES#8"8"I(#.(#(##ivN݌  N  Ќ  N  Ne0     INTRODUCTION#""J(#.P P (#(##1Ne݌   Ќ  N  N!0     STATEMENTOFTHECASE#""J(#.(#(##7N!<݌ V  Ќ  O  O0  0` (#(#    a.ProceduralHistory#""J(#.XX%` (#` (##7O݌ R Ќ  O  O0  0` (#(#    b.RelevantFacts#8"8"I(#.xx!` (#` (##10O݌  Ќ  N  N0     STANDARDOFREVIEW#8"8"I(#. (#(##25N݌ Z Ќ  N  NZ0     SUMMARYOFTHEARGUMENT#8"8"I(#.xx!(#(##25NZu݌ V Ќ  N  N"0     ARGUMENTN"=݌ (#(# Ќ  ݀ 8  MR._SWAFFORD_ԀWASERRONEOUSLYDENIEDHISRIGHTUNDERFLORIDALAWTOOBTAINDNATESTINGOFTHEAVAILABLEPHYSICALEVIDENCEINVIOLATIONOFTHEEIGHTHANDFOURTEENTHAMENDMENTS.#8"8"I(#.XX%  #25 0 O  O0  0` (#(#    A.SubstantiveRighttoDNATesting#8"8"I(#.``4` (#` (##25O݌   Ќ  O  O0  0` (#(#    B.The ReasonableProbabilityStandard#8"8"I(#.9` (#` (##27O݌ 8!" Ќ  O  O 0  0` (#(#    C.TheCircuitCourtsAnalysisWasErroneous#8"8"I(#.>` (#` (##30O ݌ "4$ Ќ  O  O!0  0` (#(#    D.Conclusion#8"8"I(#.` (#` (##33O!!݌ $& Ќ  N  N"0     CONCLUSION#8"8"I(#.` ` (#(##34N""݌ <&!( Ќ  N  N@#0     CERTIFICATEOFSERVICE#8"8"I(#. (#(##35N@#[#݌ '8#* Ќ  N  N$0     CERTIFICATEOFFONT#8"8"I(#. (#(##35N$"$݌ )$, Ќ     j*%- @<<    TABLEOFAUTHORITIES  %Ԉ  H!H!G(# Page  j 8   9  9%  #XIXXXu#XuXXXIBorlandv.State,9%%݌ $t Ќ    848So.2d1288(Fla.2003)#XIXXXu&#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.88)28 J 9  9'  #XIXXXu&#XuXXXIBradyv.Maryland,9'/'݌   Ќ    373U.S.83(1963)#XIXXXup'#XuXXXI""J(#.xx!1 |  9  9t(  _Duckett_Ԁv.State,9t((݌ ( x  Ќ    CaseNo.SC012149dated3/21/038"8"I(#./27  N  9  9~)  #XIXXXu"(#XuXXXI_Evitts_Ԁv._Lucey_,9~))݌   Ќ    469U.S.387(1985)#XIXXXu)#XuXXXI8"8"I(#."26   9  9+  #XIXXXu*#XuXXXIFordv.Wainwright,9+9+݌ ,|  Ќ    477U.S.399(1986)#XIXXXuz+#XuXXXI8"8"I(#."27 R 9  9,  #XIXXXu.,#XuXXXIFreemanv.State,9,,݌  Ќ    761So.2d1055(Fla.2000)#XIXXXu,#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.*31  9  9-  #XIXXXu-#XuXXXIGarciav.State,9-.݌ 0 Ќ    622So.2d1325(Fla.1993)#XIXXXuF.#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.*28 V 9  9R/  #XIXXXu.#XuXXXIGaskinv.State,9R/m/݌  Ќ    737So.2d509(Fla.1999)#XIXXXu/#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.88)31  9  90  #XIXXXuf0#XuXXXI_Hewitt_Ԁv.Helms,900݌ 4 Ќ    459U.S.460(1983)#XIXXXu1#XuXXXI8"8"I(#."27  Z 9  992  _Huffman_Ԁv.State,992T2݌  Ќ    837So.2d1147(Fla.2ndDCA)8"8"I(#.@@,30   9  9F3  _Knighten_Ԁv.State,9F3a3݌ 8!" Ќ    829So.2d249(Fla2ndDCA2002)X X E(#./28,30 "^# 9  9[4  #XIXXXu1#XuXXXI_Kyles_Ԁv.Whitley,9[4v4݌ # % Ќ    514U.S.at419(1995)#XIXXXu4#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.XX%29 $& 9  95  #XIXXXu5#XuXXXI_Lightbourne_Ԁv.State,955݌ <&!( Ќ    742So.238(Fla.1999)#XIXXXu;6#XuXXXIX X E(#.&29,32 'b") 9  9l7  Manualv.State,9l77݌ ($+ Ќ    28Fla.L.WeeklyD1399  (Fla.2ndDCAJune13,2003)8"8"I(#.+30 j*%-   ,f'/ 9  98  #XIXXXu7#XuXXXIOhioAdultParoleAuthorityv._Woodard_,988݌  Ќ    523U.S.272(1998)#XIXXXu8#XuXXXI8"8"I(#."26  9  9(:  Rileyv.State,9(:C:݌ 2 Ќ    28Fla.L.WeeklyD1790  (Fla.2ndDCAJuly30,2003)8"8"I(#.+30 . 9  97;  Riverav.State,97;R;݌   Ќ    CaseNo.SC012523dated7/11/028"8"I(#./27 `  9  9 <  #XIXXXu9#XuXXXISpencerv.State,9 <;<݌  \  Ќ    842So.2d52(Fla.2003)#XIXXXu|<#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.(32  2  9  9=  #XIXXXu4=#XuXXXIStatev._Gunsby_,9==݌   Ќ    670#XIXXXu=#XuXXXIԀSo.2d920(Fla.1996)#XIXXXu>#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.(32 d  9  9O?  Statev.Smith,9O?j?݌ `  Ќ    100Wash.App.1064(_Ct_.App.Wash.2000)8"8"I(#.@@833 6 9  9`@  Statev.Underwood,9`@{@݌  Ќ    518S.E.2d231(_Ct_.App.S.C.1999)8"8"I(#.pp233 h 9  9oA  #XIXXXu>#XuXXXI_Strickland_Ԁv.Washington,9oAA݌ d Ќ    466U.S.668(1984)#XIXXXuA#XuXXXI8"8"I(#."28 : 9  9B  #XIXXXuB#XuXXXI_Swafford_Ԁv._Dugger_,9BC݌  Ќ    569So.2d1264(Fla.1990)#XIXXXuTC#XuXXXI""J(#.*8 l 9  9D  #XIXXXuPD#XuXXXI_Swafford_Ԁv.Singletary,9DD݌ h Ќ    584So.2d5(Fla.1991)#XIXXXuD#XuXXXI""J(#.HH'8 > 9  9-F  #XIXXXuE#XuXXXI_Swafford_Ԁv.State,9-FHF݌  Ќ    636So.2d1309(Fla.1994)#XIXXXuF#XuXXXI""J(#.*8 p  9  9G  #XIXXXudG#XuXXXI_Swafford_Ԁv.State,9GG݌ !l" Ќ    679So.2d736(Fla.1996)#XIXXXuH#XuXXXI""J(#.88)9 !B# 9  9>I  #XIXXXuH#XuXXXI_Swafford_Ԁv.State, #%   828So.2d966(Fla.2002)#XIXXXuI#XuXXXI@(#.88)1,7,9,329>IYI݌ t$& Ќ  9  9J  #XIXXXuQJ#XuXXXIUnitedStatesv._Bagley_,9JJ݌  &p!( Ќ    473U.S.667(1985)#XIXXXu0K#XuXXXI8"8"I(#."28 &F") 9  9YL  #XIXXXuL#XuXXXIYoungv.State,9YLtL݌ (#+ Ќ    739So.2d553(Fla.1999)#XIXXXuL#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.(29 x)$, 9  9M  #XIXXXukM#XuXXXI_Zollman_Ԁv.State,9MM݌ $+t&. Ќ    820So.2d1059(Fla.2ndDCA2002)#XIXXXuN#XuXXXI8"8"I(#.126 +J'/  %#XIXXXuN#XuXXXI@$  INTRODUCTION  OԈ \   Mr._Swafford_sconvictionandsentenceofdeathhavebeenvexatioustothisCourt.In2002,thisCourtnarrowlydeniedMr._Swafford_Ԁanewtrial.j Z jj J j#XIXXXuO#XuXXXI_Swafford_Ԁv.State,828So.2d966(Fla. |  2002).Overtwodissentingopinionsreflectingtheviewsofthreejustices,threeothermembersofthisCourtjoinedinaper_curiam_ԀopinionthatconcludedthatMr._Swafford_sclaimunderj \ jj Q jBradyv.Maryland,373U.S.83(1963),wasprocedurallybarred ,|  becausehisstateprovidedcollateralcounselhadnotbeendiligentinlocatingawitnesswhosenamewasnotdisclosedtoMr._Swafford_strialcounsel,butwhosenamewasturnedovertocollateralcounselfiveyearsafterMr._Swafford_Ԁwasconvicted. ] _Swafford_Ԁv.State,828So.2dat978(per_curiam_Ԁopinion,joined  byChiefJusticeWells,andJusticesShawandHarding).jjjTj #  1       4 #XIXXXufQ#XuXXXI  Inhisdissentingopinion,Justice_Anstead_Ԁstated: 0 ` ThiscaserepresentsoneofthosetrulyrareinstanceswherethisCourthassummarilybrushedasideonwhollyspeculativegroundsa _colorable_Ԁclaimofactual 8!" innocenceandapossibleseriousmiscarriageofjustice .Therehasbeenabsolutelynofocushereon #P$ therealityofwhatactuallyhappened.Tragicallytoo,theclaimarisesoutofademonstratedBradyviolation $ & wherethepoliceandprosecutingauthoritiesfailedtoprovidethedefendant,astheywereconstitutionallyobligatedtodo,withsubstantialevidenceofanotherpersonsguiltforthecrimeforwhichthedefendanthasbeensentencedtodie.` VV )%,  ] _Swafford_Ԁv.State,828So.2d966,97879(Fla.2002)(_Anstead_,  J.,dissenting)(emphasisadded)._jjjVj #  2      _ԀInherdissentingopinion, \ JusticeQuincestated:` Thehighlycircumstantialevidenceproducedattrial,alongwiththeevidence_Swafford_Ԁclaimedinhisfirst[postconviction]motionwasnotdisclosedbytheStateconcerningothersuspectsandwitnesses,whenconsideredinconjunctionwiththe_Lestz_Ԁaffidavit, wouldprobablyproduceanacquittalattrial.  2  ` \\ _Swafford_Ԁv.State,828So.2dat985(Quince,J.,   dissenting)(emphasisadded)._j<jjf<j #  3      _#XIXXXu9V#XuXXXI H  #XIXXXuc_#XuXXXI@    STATEMENTOFTHECASE _  D #XIXXXu_#XuXXXI@  a.ProceduralHistory `    #XIXXXuc`#XuXXXI  Mr._Swafford_Ԁwaschargedwithfirstdegreemurder,sexual  batteryandrobbery.AjuryfoundMr._Swafford_Ԁguiltyoffirstdegreemurderandsexualbattery,butacquittedhimofrobbery.Thejuryrecommendedadeathsentencebyavoteof10to2(R.1661),andthecourtsentencedMr._Swafford_Ԁtodeath.ThisCourtaffirmedtheconvictionsanddeathsentence. ] _Swafford_Ԁv.State, 0 533So.2d270(Fla.1988).  In1990,FloridasgovernorsignedadeathwarrantschedulingMr._Swafford_sexecutionforNovember13,1990.Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledamotionunderRule3.850,Fla.R._Crim_.P.,in % ' thecircuitcourt,whichdeniedthemotionwithoutanevidentiaryhearing.Mr._Swafford_ԀappealedtothisCourtandfiledapetitionforawritofhabeascorpus.ThisCourtaffirmedthedenialofRule3.850reliefanddeniedthehabeascorpuspetition.j _ jj k j_Swafford_Ԁv._Dugger_,569So.2d1264(Fla.1990). `    In1990,Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledafederalpetitionforawritofhabeascorpusintheUnitedStatesDistrictCourt,whichdeniedrelief.Mr._Swafford_ԀappealedtotheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealfortheEleventhCircuit.InNovemberof1990,theEleventhCircuitstayedMr._Swafford_sexecution.ProceedingsinthatcourtwerelaterheldinabeyancewhileMr._Swafford_Ԁpursuedotherstateremedies.  In1991,Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledasecondpetitionforawritofhabeascorpusinthisCourt.Subsequently,thisCourtdeniedrelief.j a jj o j_Swafford_Ԁv.Singletary,584So.2d5(Fla.1991). h   In1991,Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledasecondRule3.850motion.Thecircuitcourtdeniedthemotionwithoutanevidentiaryhearing,andMr._Swafford_ԀagainappealedtothisCourt.Whiletheappealwaspending,Mr._Swafford_ԀaskedthisCourttorelinquishjurisdictionforanevidentiaryhearingregardingtrialcounselsstatusasadeputysheriffandonwhetherthecircuitcourtjudgeengagedinexpartecommunicationswiththeStateindenyingthe '#* firstandsecondRule3.850motions.ThisCourtgrantedtherequestedrelinquishment,andthecircuitcourtheldan 0+&. evidentiaryhearingonthesetwoissues.Thecircuitcourtdeniedrelief,andMr._Swafford_Ԁappealed.ThisCourtaffirmedthedenialofRule3.850relief.j c jj s j_Swafford_Ԁv.State,636So.2d X 1309(Fla.1994).  In1994,Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledathirdRule3.850motion.Thecircuitcourtdeniedthemotionwithoutanevidentiaryhearing.Mr._Swafford_ԀappealedtothisCourt,whichreversedandorderedanevidentiaryhearing.j e jj y j_Swafford_Ԁv.State,679So.2d736(Fla. d  1996).In1997,thecircuitcourtheldanevidentiaryhearinganddeniedrelief.In2002,thisCourtaffirmedthedenialofRule3.850relief. ] _Swafford_Ԁv.State,828So.2d966(Fla. h 2002).  InOctoberof2002,Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledaMotionForDNATestinginwhichhesoughtDNAtestingoftheavailablephysicalevidence.(PCR5.27).InMarchof2003,theStatefiledaresponsetothismotion,inwhichiturgedthecircuitcourttodenythemotion.#XIXXXua#XuXXXIAstothemitochondrialDNAtestingofthehair p  evidence,theStatecontendedthatMr._Swafford_smotion offerednothingbutspeculationregardinganalternativesource,letaloneonethatexculpateshim.(PCR5.75)._jjjzj #  4      _Ԁ#XIXXXu4r#XuXXXIAstonuclearDNA t$& testing,theStaterevealedinitsresponsetoMr._Swafford_s  &p!( MotionForDNATestingthatthebloodsamplesdrawnfromMs._Rucker_Ԁduringtheautopsyweredestroyedin1986.(PCR5.76).Thus,theStatecontendedthatDNAtestingofvaginalswabscouldnotbedonebecausetherewasnomeansofestablishingwhatwasMs._Rucker_sDNA.  ThisdestructionofphysicalevidencewasrevealedbytheStateforthefirsttimeinMarchof2003.Mr._Swafford_scollateralcounselimmediatelyfiledthependingRule3.850motionseekingtovacatehisconvictionbaseduponthisnewdisclosure.ThisnewmotiontovacatewasfiledonApril11,2003.(PCR6.13).Mr._Swafford_ԀallegedthatthedestructionofthephysicalevidencewasinbadfaithandwarrantedreliefunderArizonav._Youngblood_,488U.S.51(1988).Alternatively,Mr.  _Swafford_ԀarguedthatinlightofthenewscientificdevelopmentsinthefieldofDNAtestingandanalysis,thestandardsetforthin_Youngblood_forestablishingadueprocessviolationunderboth  theFloridaand/orUnitedStatesConstitutionshouldbelowered.(PCR6.20).Mr._Swafford_Ԁspecificallyrequestedthatanevidentiaryhearingbeconductedonhisclaim.(PCR6.37).  InhisApril11thmotiontovacate,Mr._Swafford_Ԁalso t$& assertedthathisdeathsentenceviolatedtheSixthAmendmentprinciplesdiscussedinRingv.Arizona,536U.S.584(2002). '#*    #XIXXXu*t#XuXXXIMeanwhileonApril25,2003,thecircuitcourtdeniedthe x)$, motionforDNAtesting.(PCR5.78)._jjj|j #  5      _ԀThereafter,Mr._Swafford_   filedanoticeofappealtothisCourt.ThatappealispendinginaseparateproceedingbeforethisCourt.#XIXXXu{#XuXXXI& 0  X   OnMay1,2003,theStatefiledamotiontodismisstheRule3.850motionand,alternatively,aresponsetotheRule3.850motion.(PCR6.39).  OnJune5,2003,thecircuitcourtenteredanorderdismissingtheRule3.850motion.Initsorder,thecircuitcourtterselystated, [_t]his_ԀCourthavingreviewedbothofthesemotionsandtheCourtsfilesandrecordsherein,inadditiontoconsideringtheargumentsofcounselthereon,findsthattheStatesmotiontodismisstheDefendantsApril11,2003,motioniswelltaken.(PCR6.46).  OnJune20,2003,Mr._Swafford_ԀfiledhisnoticeofappealtothisCourt.@!  b.RelevantFacts    :'0 %~#XIXXXu~#XuXXXI  OnFebruary14,1982,atapproximately6:15a.m.,Brenda   _Rucker_Ԁwasabductedfroma_Fina_Ԁstationin_Ormond_ԀBeach,Florida.(R.728,73940,1273).AcompositedrawingoftheassailantwhoabductedMs._Rucker_Ԁwassubsequentlyprepared.(PCR4T.547).  OnFebruary15,1982,Ms._Rucker_sbodywasdiscoveredby <&!( sheriff'sdeputiesinawoodedareaaboutsixandahalfmilesfromthe_Fina_Ԁstation.(R.746,748).Ms._Rucker_Ԁhadbeensexuallyassaulted(bothvaginallyandanally),burnedtwicewithcigarettesandshotninetimes.(R.76869,771).Thebulletspassedthroughherclothing,indicatingthatshewasfullyclothedatthetimeshewasshot.(R.767).Themostlikelyfatalshotwas [_b]ehind_Ԁtherightearwhere afaintimprintofthemuzzleofaweaponappeared.(R.765).#XIXXXu#XuXXXI d    #XIXXXuc#XuXXXIExaminationofMs._Rucker_sbodyprovidedevidencethatshe `  hadbeensexuallyassaulted,bothvaginallyandanally.Alabreportliststhefollowingitemscollectedatthescene:   ` a.0 three_Michelob_Ԁbottlesandsixpackholder;d (# (#    ` b.0 another_Michelob_Ԁbottle; (# (#    ` c.0 another_Michelob_Ԁbottle;l (# (#    ` d.0 aBudweiserbottle;h (# (#    ` e.0 tissuewithsuspectedhair; (# (#    ` f.0 another_Michelob_Ԁbottle;p  (# (#    ` g.0 thepaperbagfoundinthevictimsrighthand;!l" (# (#    ` h.0 amatchbookcover;"$ (# (#    ` jijjIj.0 twocigarettebutts;t$& (# (#    ` j.0 threeBudweisercans; &p!( (# (#    ` h.0 alargepaperbag.'#* (# (# (PCR5.38).ThelabreportsreflectthatthefollowingevidencewascollectedfromMs._Rucker_sbody: $+t&.    ` a.0 bloodsample; (# (#    ` b.0 vaginalswabs;\ (# (#    ` c.0 oralswabs;X (# (#    ` d.0 analswabs;  (# (#    ` e.0 swabsfrombackofhead;`  (# (#    ` f.0 swabsfrombehindrightear; \  (# (#    ` g.0 swabfrombehindrightear.  (# (# (PCR5.42).Thisevidencewasforensicallyexaminedandan_FDLE_reportissuedonApril19,1982.Thereportnoted [a]chemicaltestforacid_phosphatase_,asubstancecharacteristicallyfoundinseminalfluid,waspositiveonExhibitQ26(thevaginalswabs)andonExhibit26D(theanalswabs).However,semencouldnotbeconclusivelyidentifiedasnospermatozoawerefound.(PCR5.43).  Reportsfromthe_FDLE_ԀLabnotedthatsomeofthephysicalevidencecollectedcontainedbiologicalmaterial:   ` a.0 portionoftoilettissuecontainingquestioned p  hairs;  (# (#    ` b.0 pubichairsamplecollectedfrom_Rucker_;!B# (# (#    ` c.0 scalphairsamplefrom_Rucker_;#% (# (#    ` d.0 pubichair_combings_Ԁcollectedfrom_Rucker_J% ' (# (#    ` e.0 hairsamplecollectedfromareaofwound;&F") (# (#    ` f.0 fingernailscrapingscollectedfrom_Rucker_;(#+ (# (#    ` g.0 questionedhairscollectedfrompubicregion;N*%- (# (#    ` h.0 bagcollectedfrom_Rucker_srighthand;+J'/ (# (#    ` jijjIj.0 bagcollectedfrom_Rucker_slefthand; (# (#    ` j.0 hairsamplecollectedfromareaofwound;\ (# (#    ` k.0 blouseandonesock;X (# (#    ` l.0 vest;  (# (#    ` m.0 slacks;`  (# (#    ` n.0 panties; \  (# (#    ` o.0 pairofshoesandonesock;  (# (#    ` p.0 bloodsampleandswabs.d  (# (# (PCR5.4546).Theseitemswereexaminedforensically.InitsreportofMay12,1982,the_FDLE_Ԁnotedthat [_f]our_Ԁ lightbrown   toblonde hairstypicalofCaucasianpubichairwerecollected  fromthetissue[foundwithMs._Rucker_sbody].(PCR5.46). Thesehairsaresuitableforcomparisonpurposespendingthesubmissionofknownhairsamplesfromthesubject.(PCR5.46).AstothepubichairsamplecollectedfromMs._Rucker_,itwasnotedthattherewere numerous brownanddarkbrown hairs L typicalofCaucasianpubichair[thatwere]suitableforuseasaknownhairsample.(PCR5.46).AstothescalphairsamplecollectedfromMs._Rucker_,itwasnotedthattherewere numerous brown hairstypicalofCaucasianscalphairandissuitablefor $ & useasaknownhairsample.(PCR5.46).Astothepubichaircombing,itwasnotedthattherewere [_n]umerous_Ԁ brown hairs <(#* typicalofCaucasianpubichair[that]weresuitableforcomparisonpurposespendingthesubmissionofknownhairsamples +'. fromthesubject.(PCR5.46).Astothequestionedhairscollectedfromthepubicregion,thereportindicated [_n]umerous_ brown hairstypicalofCaucasianpubichairarecontainedinthis X exhibit.Thesehairsaresuitableforcomparisonspurposespendingthesubmissionofknownhairsamplesfromthesubject.(PCR5.47).Astotheblouseandsock,thereportnotedthepresenceof [_t]hree_Ԁ blonde hairfragmentstypicalofCaucasian $  scalphair.(PCR5.47).Astothedebrisintheshoesandsocks, [_s]everal_ԀhairstypicalofCaucasianbodyhair,inadditiontoseveralanimalhairs,arecontainedinthedebris.(PCR5.47)._jjjj #  6      _#XIXXXuƆ#XuXXXI    #XIXXXu#XuXXXILongbeforeRoy_Swafford_snamesurfacedinthecase, L MichaelWalshwasinvestigatedasasuspect.AccordingtoasupplementalpolicereportdatedMarch17,1982,MichaelWalshhadjustbeenarrestedinArkansas.(PCR4T.Def._Exh_Ԁ2). P ArkansasauthoritiesdiscoveredinhispossessionaBOLOforthe_Rucker_ԀhomicideinDaytonaBeach.(PCR4T.Def._Exh_Ԁ2).TheArkansasauthoritieswerestruckbyMr.WalshsstrongresemblancetothecompositedrawingcontainedintheBOLO.Asaresult,theArkansasauthoritiescontactedthe_Volusia_ԀCountySheriff'sOfficeonMarch17,1982.(PCR4T.546)._Volusia_CountylawenforcementcommencedinvestigatingMr.Walsh.Andinfact,they _corroborate[d_]that,thatMr.WalshresembledtheBOLO.(PCR4T.546).LawenforcementalsodeterminedthatWalsh,alongwithMichael_Lestz_ԀandWalterLevi,hadbeeninDaytonaBeachonFebruary14,1983.  Thereafter,therewereaseriesofinterviewsofMr.Walsh,andhistravelingcompanions,Mr._Lestz_ԀandMr.Levi.AsupplementalpolicereportdatedJuly20,1982,summarizedaconversationSpecialAgentBakerhadwithMr._Lestz_ԀandMr._Lestz_'sattorney.(Def._Exh_.3).SpecialAgentBakerwaswiththeUnitedStatesSecretService.Mr._Lestz_Ԁwasinfederalcustodyonachargeofforgeryoftreasurybonds.(PCR4T.85).AgentBakerreportedthatMr.WalshhadpistoledwhippedMr._Lestz_ԀpriortothetwobeingarrestedinMarch,1982.(Def._Exh_.3).AfterpistolwhippingMr._Lestz_,Mr.WalshtookhimtoamotelwherehepointedagunatMr._Lestz_,burnedhimwithcigarettesandsaid hewasgoingtokillmebymeansofplacingapistolbehindmyleftearandshooting[sic]mybrainsoutand $+t&. wantedmetothinkaboutthatbeforehedidit.(PCR4T72).InJulyof1982,AgentBakerreportedthat _Lestz_attorneyadvisesthat[theinformation]_Lestz_ԀhasinvolvesseveralhomicideswhichoccurredinthestateofFloridaincludingWalshτWalshsmurderofawhitefemale.(PCR4T.574).  OnJuly23,1982,_Volusia_ԀCountypersonnelinterviewedMr._Lestz_ԀandsubsequentlyMr.Walsh.(PCR4T.580).Atthattime,Mr._Lestz_Ԁsaidthathe,WalshandLeviwereintheDaytonaBeacharea on2/14,2/151982...WalshaccompaniedbyLevihadagaintakenhisclothesfromhim,lockedhiminasmallroomandtakenhisvan,thatthepairdisappearedforseveraldayswithhimnotknowingwheretheywent.(PCR4T.117,Def._Exh_.6at4).DuringMr._Lestz_sJuly23rdinterview,apolygraphexaminationwasadministered.DeceptionwasfoundinmanyofthequestionsansweredbyMr._Lestz_.  OnJuly23,1982,Mr.Walshwasinterviewedregardingthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu #XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.6).Areportsummarizing p  thisinterviewwaspreparedonJuly26,1982. [_I]t_ԀindicatedthatWalshindicatedthathewouldnotrelatewhathewasdoingorhiswhereaboutsduringtheperiodofFebruary14ththrough15th,1982statingquote,thathewouldrathernotsay,closequote.(PCR4T.575).ThereportalsonotedthatWalshwasshownseveralphotographsofthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicideatwhichtimehewasobservedasbecoming extremelyupset,disorganized,nervous $+t&. andunsureofhisstatements.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_Ԁ6).Thereport  alsostated: WALSHwasaskedwhyuponhisincarcerationhehadacopyofthe_RUCKER_Ԁhomicidesuspect'scompositeinhispossessionatwhichtimeWALSHindicatedthatheobtainedthiscompositefroma_Ormand_ԀBeachfoodstoreandhadsimplyretaineditbecauseofamatterofcuriosity.(PCR4T.#XIXXXup#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_Ԁ6).Thereport  \  furtherstated: WALSHindicatedthathisprimarysupportduringtheseperiodsoftimewereburglariesandrobberiesofwhichhedidnotcaretoelaborate,thathewasanarcoticaddict,usinglittleDs(_Dialuded_).(PCR4T.#XIXXXun#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.6).     OnAugust25,1982,_Volusia_ԀCountyauthoritiesinterviewedWalterLevi.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.1).Duringthatinterview,Mr. d Leviindicatedthat itwascommonforhimandMr._Lestz_Ԁtobeleftatthe_laundromat_ԀwhileMr.Walshwenttopurchasedrugs.(PCR4T.555).Mr.Leviindicatedthatthiswasthe_laundromat_locatedonGranadaBoulevard.Byalawenforcementofficers ownestimate,thiswasprobablyaquartermileorsofromthe_Fina_ԀStationwhereBrenda_Rucker_Ԁworked.(PCR4T.555).TheAugust30,1982,policereportsummarizingtheinterviewofMr.Levistated, LEVIindicatedthatonnumerousoccasionsafterhisarrivalbackintheDaytonaareain1982,thatWALSHdrovebothheand_LESTZ_ԀtotheareaofGranadaBoulevardatthe_laundromat_anddroppedthetwooff.LEVIindicatedthatWALSHwouldthengototheaddressofB.P.wholivesneartheintersectionof $+t&. GranadaandRoute1andpurchasenarcotics.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.  7).Thereportobservedthat:LEVIfurtherindicatedthatonthe14thofFebruary,intheearlymorninghours,thathewasspendingthenightinDaytonaBeachhotelunderafictitiousnamewithastolencreditcard.LEVIstatedthataccompanyinghimonthisparticulareveningwasWALSH.LEVIindicatedthatatapproximately6:00AM,that_LESTZ_ԀrespondedtothehotelroomandpickedupWALSHstatingthatthepairhad'somethingtodo'.LEVIstatedthat_LESTZ_ԀinformedWALSHthathedidnotwishLEVItogowiththemashedidnotknowhimthatwellortrusthim.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.7at2). 6   OnSeptember3,1982,in_Sangamon_ԀCounty,Illinois,thevehicleMr._Lestz_ԀpossessedwhileintheDaytonaBeachareaonFebruary14thwassearchedpursuanttoasearchwarrant.ThesearchwarrantwassupportedbytheaffidavitofBernard_Buscher_,a_Volusia_ԀCountyDeputySheriff.IntheaffidavitDeputy_Buscher_statedthatwhenWalshwasarrestedinMarchof1982,hehadinhispossession acompositebulletinconcerningdetailsoftheBrenda_Rucker_Ԁhomicide(PCR3.205).Deputy_Buscher_ԀalsoindicatedthatBrenda_Rucker_sautopsy revealedtwomarksonthebodyofthevictimpossiblycausedbytheapplicationofalightedcigarette(PCR3.204).Deputy_Buscher_Ԁrevealedintheaffidavitthat_Lestz_ԀhadstatedthatWalshsubjected_Lestz_Ԁtohomosexualattacksduringwhich _Lestz_Ԁwasburnedwithacigarette(PCR3.205).Deputy_Buscher_Ԁalsostatedthathehadexamined_Lestz_sburnsandfound thattheseburnson_Lestz_s +J'/ bodystronglyresemblethoseburnsfoundonthebodyofBrenda_Rucker_.(PCR3.205).Deputy_Buscher_ԀfurtherexplainedthatonFebruary14th,Walshwasanxioustoselltwo.38caliberhandguns;Walsh thendyedhishairblackandforced_Lestz_ԀtodrivehimtoNewOrleans(PCR3.205206).  NorelevantphysicalevidencewasfoundasaresultofthesearchofthevehiclewhichhadpreviouslybelongedtoMr._Lestz_.Aftertheresultsofthevehiclesearchwerein,Captain_Burnsed_decidedtotraveltoafederalprisoninIllinoistointerviewMr._Lestz_Ԁyetagainaboutthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide.(PCR4T.55051).SoinJanuaryof1983,Captain_Burnsed_ԀalongwithDeputy_Buscher_traveledatcountyexpensetoMarion,IllinoistoreinterviewMr._Lestz_.Captain_Burnsed_ԀexplainedthathewantedtoobtainfromMr._Lestz_ԀanexplanationofwhyhehadshowndeceptiononthepolygraphexaminationconductedinJulyof1982.(PCR4T.538).Infact,asCaptain_Burnsed_Ԁhasnowtestified,Mr._Lestz_'sproblemswiththepolygraph _indicate[d_]to[Captain_Burnsed_]thatthismeantthatMr.Walshwasmorelikelytobeinvolvedinthehomicide.(PCR4T.538).  DuringtheJanuary25,1982interview,Mr._Lestz_Ԁchangedhisstory.(PCR4T.568).Heabandonedhispreviousclaimofhavingbeenlockedinamotelroomfortwodaysandhavingablackout.Instead,hereportedthatbetween6:00a.m.and10:30a.m.onthedayofthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide,Walshlefthimina_laundromat_Ԁin $+t&. DaytonaBeach,ablockfromthe_Fina_Ԁstation.(PCR4T.#XIXXXuX#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.  5at3)ApolicereportdatedJanuary31,1983summarizingtheinterviewof_Lestz_Ԁreportedthat _LESTZ_ԀindicatedhoweverthatuponWALSHSonnumerousoccasionsdroppinghimoffonGranadaBoulevardatthe_laudromat_,hewouldobserveWALSHtodrivehis(_Lestz_)vehiclewestonGranadaandmakealeftturnonUS1adjacenttothe_FINA_ԀSERVICESTATIONatwhichthevictimwasabducted.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu]#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.5at4)._Lestz_Ԁfurtherindicated d  thatWalshhadonnumerousoccasionsfrequentedtheconveniencestorenearthe_laundromat_Ԁandhadcommentedonaparticularfemaleclerkworkingattheconveniencestore(PCR4T.7677).OnJanuary25,1983, _LESTZ_ԀagainreiteratedthathefeltWALSHwasresponsibleforthehomicideofBRENDA_RUCKER_ԀbutagainstatedthathewasnotthereandthatWALSHhadnotinformedhimthathekilledthevictim.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.5at4). h   AftertheJanuary25thinterviewofMr._Lestz_,lawenforcementstoppeditsinvestigationofMr.Walshasasuspectinthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide.  FivemonthsafterthelastinterviewwithMr._Lestz_,Mr._Swafford_snamefirstsurfacedasasuspect.InJuneof1983,RogerHarpercontacted_Volusia_ԀCountyauthoritiesindicatingthathemayhaveinformationregardingthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide.AJune21,1983SupplementalNarrativewaspreparedby_Volusia_ԀCountylawenforcement.Accordingtothisreport,Mr.Harperindicated $+t&. thatheandfourotherindividualshadtraveledfromTennesseetoDaytonaforthe500inFebruaryof1982.ThegroupincludedRoy_Swafford_.AccordingtoMr.Harper, _SWAFFORD_Ԁthenleftbyhimselflateintheeveningof2/13/82andremainedgonetheentirenightnotreturninguntillateinthemorningof2/14/82."(PCR4T.Def._Exh_.8at2).Mr.Harperwasservingasevenyearsentencefor hispartintheburglaryofamotorhomeandtheshootingofthemotorhomesoccupants.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.8at d  1).ThiscrimehadoccurredonJune19,1982,inBayCounty,Florida.(R.144043).Mr._Swafford_ԀwasMr.Harperscodefendantinthatcase.Mr.Harpertold_Volusia_ԀCountyauthoritiesthat,afterMr.HarpersarrestinBayCounty, _SWAFFORD_Ԁapparentlytriedtoputtheentireblameon[Harper].(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.8at5). l   Beforecontactingtheauthoritiesaboutthe_Rucker_Ԁhomicide,Mr.HarperhadcontactedanattorneyintheDaytonaBeacharea,Mr.JohnTanner.(PCR4T.#XIXXXu#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_.8at5).Mr.Harperhad p  toldMr.Tannerthathe,Harper, mighthaveinformationonamurder.HestatedthathereceivedtwolettersfromJohnTannerindicatingthattheinformationappearedtobegood,andthathewanted$3,000.00torepresenthim.(PCR4T.#XIXXXuN#XuXXXIԀDef._Exh_