ÿWPCù £FÁ(w —ˆ_ž ‡]žå_ Ñ\ :³€—·‘3jˆ½ÇU•e‰Mr€ÇÖÕÓÞÛIÐ@ÚëäžìD¼[xEX@Òß;/Åf©Ž/ fVòwtš€-+R?¢“»ŒI×^BÒ84å,B¢@8ÑÒ+5¿é†èmæÖVnIKúÐ`´›xýpÞóI¿Ñ¿ÿy$Y Ç„ŽÌ”É~w™JuÀj@¹ûzÑÍÍ·¥¿ƒeƒUÔž±<µŽZ^ƒÂ?×zÈ2À^E{ ¯ \dQì3¤ŽVY’êº}¯àåÅÕ côÌ$…¨Œ”hÅQÀöýzR10lcB¯*£\·©@-hí;êœ'ÂkQ³«ÓqÀ{279’Šè¶!{aa(ì/ïq×_\€Ë)×H¶öȧEánLj*ð죯a8º#÷Ò:=Æj¹·g™^"C«H!óï§5)ì~Ñæú‡À[Z*€ÇÄâ¾öÊ<7¨üµoà ¶cÐ?AœanA¨1w†©ú‚‰_òLâ{ú>‚†Ù¥ø¸mu0ïç™/Ú(Â}\Ùe¢ÍÆ×\™Íôhn§Ö ¦¬ñøÑõ)Ež„xB®åüc`‹PLrÉYÝ©¹¶6]¼Ä4àc^,é¬BWöj¤}H“6#!ôUN %c 0(i‘w@™4Ùíü mþN^  B########################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################### 0C@@ 0vƒ˜Lexmark X83PX,..,PX0xÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡  3E45E678D9:D;<D%KV-s€clothiЪƒ3|x<ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀê…„.× d(ÿÿ$òòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó(-!2Vf$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_Ôñ%ñÑ8€£XXdìdÈ8Ññ%ñà@l l ìàò òSUMMARY€OF€MICHAEL€RIVERA€CASEó óˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àEleven€year€old,€Ô_ÔStaciÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô€left€her€Lauderdale€Lakes€home€on€a€bicycle€at€5:30€pm.€onÏJanuary€30,€1986,€to€purchase€poster€board€at€a€nearby€shopping€center.€€A€cashier€recalledÏhaving€waited€on€her€between€6:30€and€7:00€pm.€€At€7:30€pm.€after€her€mother€started€lookingÏfor€Ô_ÔStaciÔ_Ô,€the€mother€encountered€a€deputy€who€had€found€Ô_ÔStaciÔ_Ôððs€bicycle€abandoned€in€a€fieldÏalongside€the€shopping€center.€€ÌÌà  àStarr€Peck€contacted€the€police€to€report€that€a€man€who€had€made€around€thirty€obsceneÏphone€calls€to€her€beginning€in€September,€1985,€had€claimed€in€his€last€call€on€February€7,Ï1986,€that€he€had€abducted€Ô_ÔStaciÔ_Ô,€dragged€into€a€van,€raped€and€killed€her.€€The€man€identifiedÏhimself€as€ð ðTonyðð.€€The€police€were€able€to€determine€that€Michael€Rivera€was€responsible€forÏthese€obscene€phone€calls.ÌÌà  àOn€February€13th,€Detectives€Richard€Ô_ÔScheffÔ_Ô€and€Phillip€Amabile€of€the€Ô_ÔBrowardÔ_ÔÏSheriffððs€Office€arrested€Michael€Rivera€on€unrelated€outstanding€warrants€for€misdemeanorÏcharges€of€lewd€and€lascivious€acts.€€When€they€told€him€they€wished€to€speak€to€him,€theyÏclaimed€that€he€responded€ð ðIf€I€talk€to€you€guys,€Iððll€spend€the€next€20€years€in€jail.ðð€€They€thenÏtold€Rivera€that€someone€had€advised€them€that€Rivera€had€information€about€the€disappearanceÏof€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô.€€According€to€the€detectives,€Rivera€admitted€making€the€obscene€phone€calls€to€StarrÏPeck€but€denied€having€abducted€or€murdered€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô.ÌÌà  àIn€subsequent€interviews,€Rivera€admitted€that€he€liked€exposing€himself€to€girls€betweenÏten€and€twenty€years€of€age.€€He€would€often€borrow€a€van€belonging€to€a€friend,€Mark€Peters,Ïand€look€for€girls€to€expose€himself€too.€€He€admitted€two€incidents.€€He€acknowledged€exposingÏhimself€to€a€girl€pushing€a€bike.€€When€pushed€for€more€info,€Rivera€purported€said€ð ðI€canððt€tellÏyou.€€I€donððt€want€to€go€to€jail.€€Theyððll€kill€me€for€what€Iððve€done.ðð€€As€for€the€other€incident,ÏRivera€said€he€grabbed€a€girl€from€behind€and€pulled€her€into€some€bushes.€€ÌÌà  àA€polygraph€examination€was€administered€by€Detective€Ô_ÔEastwoodÔ_Ô.€€During€theÏpolygraph€Rivera€was€advised€he€was€doing€poorly.€€Ô_ÔEastwoodÔ_Ô€asked€if€Rivera€was€holding€backÏinformation.€€When€Rivera€said€yes,€Ô_ÔEastwoodÔ_Ô€told€him€that€he€ð ðcould€care€lessðð€about€theÏexposures,€and€that€his€assignment€was€the€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô€case.€€Rivera€then€began€describing€theÏexposure€incidents,€how€they€bothered€him,€but€he€couldnððt€stop.€€When€Ô_ÔEastwoodÔ_Ô€reported€toÏÔ_ÔScheffÔ_Ô€and€Amabile,€Amabile€recalled€a€July,€1985,€incident€involving€Jennifer€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô.€€AmabileÏhad€hypnotized€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô€in€order€to€try€to€obtain€a€description€of€an€assailant.€€Ô_ÔScheffÔ_Ô€and€AmabileÏresumed€questioning€Rivera,€and€got€Rivera€to€admit€to€the€incident€involving€Jennifer€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô.€ÏAll€told,€Rivera€was€questioned€for€eight€days€and€given€16€polygraph€tests,€according€to€a€JuneÏ24,€1986,€òòMiami€Heraldóó€article..Ð ¸'#& ÐÌà  àMeanwhile€on€February€13th,€the€police€located€and€talked€to€Mark€Peters€and€learnedÏthat€Rivera€had€his€van€on€January€30th,€but€Rivera€had€picked€Peters€up€at€work€at€nearly€6:00Ïpm.€€Peters€dropped€Rivera€off€at€his€home€between€6:15€and€7:00€pm.€€The€van€was€impounded.Ð h+¸&* Їà  àAccording€to€a€booking€slip,€Rivera€was€arrested€on€the€charge€of€first€degree€murder€onÏFebruary€13,€1986,€at€2300€hours.ñ&ñ€€ñ&ññ'ñÌÌà h àñ'ñÔ_ÔJazvakÔ_Ôððs€body€was€discovered€on€February€14,€1986,€in€anÏopen€field,€several€miles€from€the€shopping€center.€€The€medical€examiner€concluded€death€wasÏcaused€by€asphyxiation.€€The€body€was€clothed,€although€the€jeans€were€unzipped€and€partiallyÏpulled€down,€and€the€panties€partially€torn.€€The€Ô_Ôm.e.Ô_Ô€indicated€that€this€could€have€occurredÏduring€the€decomposition€process€and€thus€could€reach€no€conclusion€about€whether€Ô_ÔJazvakÔ_Ô€hadÏbeen€sexually€assaulted.ÌÌà  àRivera€was€first€charged€with€the€attempted€murder€of€€Jennifer€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô€on€July€10,€1985.€ÏEdward€Ô_ÔMalavendaÔ_Ô€was€appointed€to€represent€Rivera.€€Rivera€was€tried€and€convicted€onÏNovember€6,€1986,€on€the€basis€of€his€statements€to€the€police.€€Judge€Ferris€presided€over€theÏtrial.€€òòRivera€v.€Stateóó,€547€So.2d€140€(Fla.€4th€DCA€1989).ñ(ñ€€ñ(ññ)ñÐ Ô$  ÐÐ Ô$  Ðà È àñ)ñMeanwhile€on€August€6,€1986,Ð Ô$  ÐRivera€was€indicted€on€first€degree€murder€charges€in€the€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô€homicide.€€The€capital€case€wasÏalso€assigned€to€Judge€Ferris€who€also€appointed€Ô_ÔMalavendaÔ_Ô€as€defense€counsel.€€ÌÌà  àAfter€the€conviction€in€the€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô€case,€Judge€Ferris€was€quoted€in€the€òòSun„Sentinelóó€onÐ „Ô  ÐNovember€21,€1986,€as€saying:€€ð ðI€believe€this€man€has€committed€crimes€many€times€in€the€past,Ïand€I€believe€he€has€resisted€many€attempts€at€rehabilitation.€*€*€*€I€donððt€think€society€shouldÏpermit€him€to€visit€this€conduct€on€anyone€else.ðð€€Ô_ÔMalavendaÔ_Ô€made€no€motion€to€disqualify€andÏthereby€waived€any€objection€Rivera€had€to€ð ðJudge€Ferrisððs€newspaper€interview.ðð€€òòRivera€v.Ð 4„ ÐStateóó,€717€So.2d€477,€481€(Fla.€1998)(this€the€Ô_ÔFSCÔ_Ô€opinion€affirming€the€denial€of€guilt€phaseÐ  p Ðrelief€in€post„conviction,€but€ordering€an€evidentiary€hearing€as€to€penalty€phase€Ô_ÔIACÔ_Ô).ÌÌà  àAt€Riveraððs€capital€trial,€Starr€Peck€testified€regarding€the€statements€made€by€ð ðTonyððÏduring€the€February€7th€phone€call.€€Ô_ÔScheffÔ_Ô€€testified€regarding€Riveraðð€statement€about€if€heÏtalked€he€would€spend€20€years€in€jail€and€the€admission€that€he€was€ð ðTony.ðð€€The€evidence€fromÏthe€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô€trial€was€admitted€including€Riveraððs€statements€which€were€the€basis€of€theÏconviction.€€ÌÌà  àHoward€Ô_ÔSeidenÔ_Ô,€a€forensic€examiner€with€the€Ô_ÔBrowardÔ_Ô€Sheriffððs€Office,€testified€that€aÏhair€was€found€in€Mark€Petersðð€van€which€he€ð ðscientifically€concluded€as€being€from€the€victim.ððÏ(R.€1305).ÌÌà  àFinally,€the€State€also€presented€Frank€Ô_ÔZuccarelloÔ_Ô€who€testified€that€while€he€wasÏincarcerated€with€Rivera,€Rivera€confessed€that€he€killed€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô.ÌÌñ.ñà  àDuring€the€trial,€John€Walsh,€with€the€Adam€Walsh€foundation,€brought€school€childrenÏwho€were€the€age€of€Ô_ÔJazvakÔ_Ô€to€court€as€spectators.ÌÌñ.ñà  àThe€defense€was€precluded€from€presenting€evidence€that€on€February€20th,€a€week€afterÏRiveraððs€arrest,€Linda€Ô_ÔKalitanÔ_Ô,€age€29,€was€abducted€and€murdered.€€Her€body€was€found€a€fewÏfeet€away€from€where€Ô_ÔJazvakÔ_Ôððs€body€had€been€found.€€And€like€in€the€Ô_ÔJazvacÔ_Ô€case,€the€sameÏbrand€of€pantyhose€was€found€nearby.€€In€post„conviction€proceedings,€it€was€learned€that€theÏSheriffððs€Office€actively€investigated€a€connection€between€the€homicides€because€of€theirÏsimilarity.ÌÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àThe€jury€convicted€and€recommended€a€death€sentence€which€Judge€Ferris€imposed.€€ItÏwas€affirmed€on€appeal.€€òòRivera€v.€Stateóó,€561€So.2d€536€(Fla.€1990).€€Ð œì ÐÌà  àIn€post„conviction,€Mark€Peters€was€located.€€He€had€not€been€called€by€the€defense€atÏtrial€because€the€defense€attorney€was€not€able€to€find€him.€€Peters€testified€that€after€RiveraÏpicked€him€on€January€30,€1986,€at€around€5:00€Ô_ÔpmÔ_Ô.,€the€two€of€them€were€together€until€heÏdropped€Rivera€off€at€nearly€7:00€pm.€€At€that€point,€Peters€retained€possession€of€the€van.€€TheÏFlorida€Supreme€Court€affirmed€the€denial€of€post„conviction€relief€because€his€testimony€did€notÏð ðprovide[]€Rivera€with€an€alibi€for€the€crucial€time€after€7:00€Ô_ÔpmÔ_Ô.ðð€€òòRivera€v.€Stateóó,€717€So.2d€atÐ  ` Ð483€(the€Court€affirmed€the€denial€of€guilt€phase€relief,€but€remanded€for€an€evidentiary€hearingÏon€penalty€phase€Ô_ÔIACÔ_Ô).€€Of€course,€this€overlooked€the€fact€that€the€Stateððs€case€was€premisedÏupon€Rivera€having€custody€of€the€van€at€the€time€of€the€abduction€and€murder.€€Peters€alsoÏtestified€he€had€left€Ft.€Lauderdale€by€the€time€of€trial€because€the€police€were€also€hassling€himÏand€he€was€afraid€they€were€trying€to€implicate€him€in€the€murder.ÌÌà  àIn€October€of€1998,€new€information€surfaced€regarding€Frank€Ô_ÔZuccarelloÔ_Ô.€€As€reported€inÏthe€òòMiami€Heraldóó€on€October€1,€1998,€Ô_ÔZuccarelloÔ_Ô€had€testified€in€many€cases€in€Dade€andÐ pÀ ÐÔ_ÔBrowardÔ_Ô€Counties€in€1986€and€1987.€€One€of€the€cases,€lead€to€the€murder€conviction€of€JoyceÏCohen€in€Miami.€€A€Miami€detective€admitted€to€a€television€reporter€that€Joyce€Cohen€had€beenÏconvicted€by€false€testimony.€€On€December€17,€1998,€the€òòMiami€New€Timesóó€reported€thatÐ 4„ ÐÔ_ÔBrowardÔ_Ô€officials€had€failed€to€reveal€that€Ô_ÔZuccarelloÔ_Ô€in€1986€gave€Captain€Tony€Ô_ÔFantigrassiÔ_Ô€ofÏthe€Ô_ÔBrowardÔ_Ô€Sheriffððs€Office€false€information€regarding€another€supposed€jailhouse€confession.€ÏOn€May€16,€1999,€the€òòMiami€Heraldóó€reported€that€Joyce€Cohenððs€attorney,€Alan€Ross,€hadÐ øH Ðobtained€an€affidavit€from€Ô_ÔFantigrassiÔ_Ô€(the€then€homicide€chief€in€Ô_ÔBrowardÔ_Ô€County)€saying€thatÏÔ_ÔZuccarelloÔ_Ô€ð ðis€an€untrustworthy€witness€who€should€not€be€believed€under€oath.ððÌÌà  àRivera€filed€a€second€motion€to€vacate€his€conviction€on€September€29,€1999,€relying€onÏthe€new€information€regarding€Ô_ÔZuccarelloÔ_Ô.€€Included€in€this€motion€was€a€request€for€the€CourtððsÏpermission€for€DNA€testing€of€all€evidence.€ÌÌà  àJudge€Bachman€did€conduct€an€evidentiary€hearing€in€1999€on€the€penalty€phase€Ô_ÔIACÔ_ÔÏclaim,€and€denied€that€claim€in€September€of€2001.€€Judge€Bachman€did€not€rule€on€the€secondÏmotion€to€vacate€or€upon€the€Ô_ÔmotioÔ_Ô€n€for€DNA€testing.€€Mr.€Rivera€appealed€to€the€FloridaÏSupreme€Court.ÌÌà  àIn€2002,€the€Florida€Supreme€Court€granted€Mr.€Riveraððs€request€for€a€relinquishment€toÏpermit€consideration€of€the€second€motion€to€vacate€and€the€motion€for€DNA€testing.€€However,Ïthe€Court€kept€jurisdiction€over€the€penalty€phase€ineffectiveness€claim.€€Oral€argument€ñ7ñwañ7ññ8ñiñ8ñsñ9ñ€heldÏonñ9ññ:ñ€scheduled€forñ:ñ€April€2,€2003.€€In€circuit€court,€DNA€testing€has€been€Ô_Ôñ;ñongingñ;ññ<ñorderedñ<ñ.Ô_Ô€€In€March€of€2003,Ïmitochondrial€testing€established€that€the€hair€that€Howard€Ô_ÔSeidenÔ_Ô€testified€was€consistent€withÏÔ_ÔJazvakÔ_Ôððs€hair€was€in€fact€ñ3ññ2ñnñ2ññ3ññ4ñNOñ4ññ5ññ4ñPñ4ññ5ññ6ñT€Ô_ÔJazvakÔ_Ôððs€hair.ñ6ñÌÌà  àA€motion€to€vacate€is€also€pending€in€the€Ô_ÔGoetzÔ_Ô€case.€