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State, 778 So. 2d 944, 953 (Fla. 2000)1 e (X!2h$ tT!   .*XXXԀ  0  (9 Z(Times New Roman   ^h$  .*XXXԀ  4    __XX.*Mr._Riechmann_ԀattemptedtocallOfficer_Veski_ԀonJuly11,2002,totestify  telephonically.TheStateobjectedonthegroundsthat_Veski_saffidavithadbeenpreviously x presentedtotheFloridaSupremeCourt.AfterthisCourtsustainedtheobjection,Mr. @ _Riechmann_scounselprofferedOfficer_Veski_stestimony,notingthatbesidesdemonstratinga X Bradyviolation,Officer_Veski_ԀwouldtestifytoMs._Sreenan_seffortstoobtainfalsetestimony   fromhimatthetimeofhisdepositionin1987becauseofapendinginvestigationofOfficer  _Veski_ԀregardingevidencethathehadusedillegaldrugsinNovemberof1987.See7/7/88_depo_. `  of_Veski_Ԁat3334.AccordingtoOfficer_Veski_,Ms._Sreenan_ԀassuredOfficer_Veski_Ԁthathiscase ( x wouldgobetterifhetestifiedthewayshewantedhimto.InfactafterOfficer_Veski_ԀadvisedMr.  @ _Riechmann_strialcounselthathisstatementinthedepositionregardingthelocationofthe    flashlightwasfalse,hispendingcasewasresolvedwithhistermination.GiventhatMs._Sreenan_    hadpreviouslydeniedapplyingsuchpressuretoOfficer_Veski_,Mr._Riechmann_scounselalso H   profferedtheevidenceasimpeachmentofMs._Sreenan_Ԁ(May23,2002,transcriptat3536).            ^h$  .*XXXԀ  8    _XX.*Atthe2002evidentiaryhearing,theStatesuggestedthatMr._Lohman_Ԁshouldhave  requestedpublicrecordsfromtheU.S._Marshalls_,butthatfederalagencyisnotsubjectto x Chapter119norwouldithavebeenafruitfulsearch.Informationregardingparoleesisnot @ providedbytheU.S._Marshalls_Ԁtocriminaldefenseattorneys.In1996,theU.S._Marshalls_Ԁstill X hadanactivewarrantoutonMr._Smykowski_Ԁfortheobviousreason,theU.S._Marshalls_Ԁcould   notfind_Smykowski_Ԁanddidnotknowwherehewas.,-./0123 7w}126Right-Aligned Paragraph NumbersI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)e3a)$%&'()*+ 79?EKQYag125I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)g+a) !"# 79?EKQYag124I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)i#a) CyParagraph1. a. i. (1) (a) (i) 1) a)I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)ka)  Cu{TechnicalTechnical Document StyleI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)ma) A_ekqwDocumentDocument StyleI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)o a)r1($3|K ( T$   dHP5N_LATERAL,,,,0!3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)yi)› - DDEDDN-+00*U  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  9    _XX.*ԀBradydisclosuresmadebytheStateonMay8,2001andpledinMr._Riechmann_s e September14,2001AmendedRule3.850motionatpage48,showthat_Halina_Ԁ_Smykowska_ - confirmedthatshespokewithherhusbandwhileshewasincarceratedandhewasvisiting  Deborahatherresidence.XXX#XXXc#(5hCEKQW]cioAutoList11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(ML$2 (  1  .3  0  (a$0  2 (  1  .3  0` (#(# g ^h$  .*XXXԀ  1    _XX.*Seealso,_Napue_Ԁv.Illinois,360U.S.264(1959);UnitedStatesv._Agurs_,427U.S.97  (1976).     *+ (_2623  ..     (hH  Z6Times New Roman Regular # ^h$  .*XXXԀ  10    __XX.*Theaffidavitwasexecutedby_Smykowski_Ԁin2000.Itindicatedthat_Smykowski_Ԁwas e takenoutofthejailforsocialpurposes.TheStateafterthefilingoftheaffidavitandontheeve - ofthe2002evidentiaryhearingrevealedforthefirsttimethat_Smykowski_Ԁhadbeentakenoutof  thejailforasocialvisitwithhisdaughter.ThoughtheStatewitnesseshaveattemptedto X downplaythenumberoftimesthat_Smykowski_Ԁwastakenoutofthejailforsocialpurposes,the   disclosureprovidescorroborationofthetruthfulnessoftheaffidavitthatwasthefirstdocument M torevealapreviouslyunknownfact.Thefactthattheaffidavitstruthfulnesshasbeenbornout   onthispoint(whichhadatonetimeseemedanoddthingtoclaimhadoccurred,andnowhas  x beenproventohavehappened),makestheotherrepresentationsintheaffidavitmorecredible,  @ particularlyinlightofDeborah_Smykowski_stestimonythatherparentshadconversations m   regardingrewardmoney.Certainly,hadtheundisclosedevidencebeendisclosedin1988,it 5   wouldhaveledMr._Carhart_ԀtoDeborahandhermotherwhowouldhavereported_Smykowski_s    T _expection_Ԁofareward.                     tT!  _X XXXMaharajv.State, e   778So.2d944(Fla.2000)#X0 X XX+#State v. Huggins, 788 So.2d 238, 244 (Fla. 2001)1          (hH  Z6Times New Roman Regular(UhCEKQW]cioAutoList31.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.                tT!  _X XXXStatev.Huggins, e   788So.2d238(Fla.2001)#X0 X XX+# $                i ^h$  .*XXXԀ  12    __XX.*Mr.WilliamsknewDoreensboyfriendasMark_Dugen_,whileshetestifiedthatshe  knewMarkasMarkGray.Undeniably,DonaldWilliamsandDoreen_Bezner_ԄGlennkneweach x otherandknewDoreensboyfriend,Mark.Itishardlysurprisingthatadrugdealer/pimpwould @ usedifferentnamesinordertoeludelawenforcement.  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  11    __XX.*_XXX_Duringthepreparationfortheevidentiaryhearinginthiscase,thebasisofthisclaim  changed.Asstatedabove,Mr._Riechmann_Ԁrequeststoamendhispostconvictionmotionto x conformwiththeevidencepresentedathisevidentiaryhearing.Regardlessofthechanges,the @ basicpremiseoftheclaimstillremainsthatsomeoneelsemurdered_Kersten_Ԁ_Kischnick_.#_XX_X#*D+D (_25   ," <DL,23  ..," <DL,        *5+5 (_24  ) <DL)23  ..) <DL)       *2+2 (_23 ` &<<DL&23  ..&<<DL& ` */+/ (_22  #DL#23  ..#DL#  *,+, (_21   DL 23  .. DL  Kyles v. Whitley 514 U.S. 419, 435-6 (1995)1*)+) (_20 h DDL23  ..DDL h *&+& (_19  L23  ..L  *#+# (_18   L23  .. L   @ ^h$  .*XXXԀ  5    __XX.*DuringhisMay31sttestimony,HiltonWilliamsmaintainedthatheinfactcommittedan  armedrobberyonthenightofOctober25,1987,onBiscayneBlvd.inMiami,Florida.Hejust x suddenlydeniedthattheincidentinvolvedtheshootingofMs._Kischnick_ԀoffBiscayneBlvd.in @ Miami,Florida.ThechangeinHiltonWilliamstestimonyoccurredafteratapedconversation X withaMiamiBeachpoliceofficerwhomadeitcleartoHiltonthatifhestucktohisstoryhewas   subjecttobechargedwithfirstdegreefelony/murder.*>> (_17  2( 4 <DL223  Ԁ2( 4 <DL2  *DD (_16   ," <DL,23  Ԁ," <DL,   *55 (_15  ) <DL)23  Ԁ) <DL)  *22 (_14 ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ&<<DL& ` *// (_13  #DL#23  Ԁ#DL#  *,, (_12   DL 23  Ԁ DL  *)) (_11 h DDL23  ԀDDL h *&& (_10  L23  ԀL  (## &_9   L23  Ԁ L  (>> &_8  2( 4 <DL223  2( 4 <DL2  (DD &_7   ," <DL,23  ," <DL,   (55 &_6  ) <DL)23  ) <DL)  (22 &_5 ` &<<DL&23  &<<DL& ` (// &_4  #DL#23  #DL#   tT!  _X XXXKylesv.Whitley    514U.S.419(1995)#X0 X XX.#(,, &_3   DL 23   DL  ()) &_2 h DDL23  DDL h (&& &_1  L23  L  &## $_   L23   L  <4 9Z+.Courier New RegularKyles v. Whitley, 514 U.S. 419 (1995)1 tT!  _X XXXKylesv.Whitley,    514U.S.419(1995)#X0 X XX+#  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  2    _XX.*TheStatehasrepeatedlyarguedthatthenamesofthewitnessesandasummaryoftheir  statementswasdisclosedinthedepositionof_Benard_Ԁ_Schleith_ԀfromtheGermanPolice. x However,thisisfalseandcontrarytotherecord(R.755).Itisobviousfromcorrespondence @  fromtheU.S.Attorneyonbehalfoftheprosecutorsofficethatthestatementswereprovidedto  theprosecutionteambecauseoftheilluminationprovidedastoMr._Riechmann_smotivation,an x issueattheguilt_phase._Ԁ  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  3    __XX.*Under_Kyles_,evidenceimpeachingthelawenforcementstechniquesisexculpatory.  Ms._Sreenan_sstatementimpeachingthereliabilityofthepoliceofficermakingthereportitself x constitutesevidencefavorabletothedefense. ( ^h$  .*XXXԀ  6    _XX.*Mr._DiGregory_Ԁgavethistestimonydespitetheobvious dwrittenontheendofthe  wordreward.EventotheuntrainedeyecomparingMr._DiGregory_shandwritingwiththenote x heacknowledgeswritingthe diswrittenthesameeverytime.See,DefenseExhibitDD.  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  7    _XX.*ThesignificanceofMr._Smykowski_shostilityaboutbeingsentto_Eglin_Ԁdoesnot  becomeapparentuntilMr._Riechmann_Ԁlearnedthathehadbeentakenoutofcustodytovisithis x daughterandthathewasworriedaboutherwelfare.Mr._Smykowski_Ԁwasupsetatbeingtaken @ awayfromhisdaughter.  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  13    __XX.*Theaffidavitwasexecutedby_Smykowski_Ԁin2000.Itindicatedthat_Smykowski_Ԁwas  takenoutofthejailforsocialpurposes.TheStateafterthefilingoftheaffidavitandontheeve x ofthe2002evidentiaryhearingrevealedforthefirsttimethat_Smykowski_Ԁhadbeentakenoutof @ thejailforasocialvisitwithhisdaughter.ThoughtheStatewitnesseshaveattemptedto X downplaythenumberoftimesthat_Smykowski_Ԁwastakenoutofthejailforsocialpurposes,the   disclosureprovidescorroborationofthetruthfulnessoftheaffidavitthatwasthefirsttoreveala  previouslyunknownfact.Thefactthattheaffidavitstruthfulnesshasbeenbornoutonthis `  point(whichhadatonetimeseemedanoddthingtoclaimhadoccurred,andnowhasbeen ( x proventohavehappened),makestheotherrepresentationsintheaffidavitmorecredible,  @ particularlyinlightofDeborah_Smykowski_stestimonythatherparentshadconversations    regardingrewardmoney.Certainly,theundisclosedevidencehaditbeendisclosedin1988    wouldhaveledMr._Carhart_ԀtoDeborahandhermotherwhowouldhavereported_Smykowski_s H   _expection_Ԁofareward.  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  14    __XX.*ԀMs._Backhus_testimonyregardingherconversationwith_Smykowski_Ԁandhis  statementsregardingthefactthathistestimonyattrialwasfalseisidenticalinnaturetothe x testimonythatresultedinthegrantofRule3.850reliefinStatev.Mills,788So.2dat250. @ There,awitnessnamedJohnAndersonwaslocatedontheeveofMr.Millsexecution.Mr. X  AndersonreportedthatMr.Millstestifyingcodefendant,VincentAshley,hadtoldhimthat  Ashleywasthepersonwhohadshotthevictim.ThestatementcontradictedAshleystestimony x atMr.Millstrial.  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  20    __XX.*Differentwitnessesidentified Markwithdifferentlastnames.However,itdidappear  thatthewitnesseswereidentifyingthesamepersonandthatthepersonknownas Markwas x usingdifferentlastnamesbecausehewasengagedincriminalactivityandwishedtobedifficult @ tofind.  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  16    __XX.*UnlikethesituationinLightbourne,theStatepresentednoevidencetocontradictthe  factthatcollateralcounsel hadbeenactivelylookingforWalterSmykowskioranyonewho x hadinformationregardingarobberyalongBiscayneBoulevard.#.*XX_#  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  18    __XX.*Theoriginalletter,thoughrequestedfromtherecordscustodian,waslostintheState  AttorneysOfficeandneverfound.ApurportedcopyofthatletterwasprovidedbyDeborah x Schaeferatherdepositionayearlater.#.*XX_# 2 ^h$  .*XXXԀ  17    __XX.*_XXX_ԀAmotiontorelinquishjurisdictionwasfiledonNovember26,1999.TheState  objectedtotherelinquishmentandtheSupremeCourtdeniedthemotion.TheCourtsopinion x issuedonFebruary24,2000,andaffirmed.Mr._Riechmann_Ԁfiledforrehearing.Afterrequesting @ thattheStatefilearesponsetothemotionforrehearing,theFloridaSupremeCourtdeliberated X foranotheryearbeforedenyingrehearingonJanuary31,2001.#X.*XX_X##.*XXX.*#  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  21    __XX.*Ԛ_XXX_InMr._Riechmann_sSeptember14,2001AmendedRule3.850motion,heallegedthata  jurorinterviewedbyPeterF.Muellersaidthatthejurywould nothavevoted toconvictMr. x _Riechmann_Ԁhadtheyknowntheinformationinthedocumentary.Inthejurorsopinion,thecase B neverwouldhavereachedasentencingphase.#_XX_X# c ^h$  .*XXXԀ  19    __XX.*TheFloridaSupremeCourterroneouslybelievedthattheGermanwitnessstatements  wererelevantonlytosentencingphase.Chapter119publicrecordsdisclosuresbetweenthe x GermanFederalMinistryofJusticeandtheU.S.JusticeDepartmentindicate: @ ` _Riechmann_ԀwaschargedwiththemurderofKischnickon30December,1987.   Nevertheless,thecaseagainsthimremainscircumstantial.Noonesawhimfire  thegun,andthephysicalevidencefailstoshowconclusivelythathecommitted `  themurder.TheStateAttorney,whoisresponsiblefortheprosecutionofthis ( x case,mustdeterminethemotiveforthemurderbecausehedoesnotbelievethat  @ Riechmannwillbeconvictedonthebasisofcircumstantialevidencealone.To    thatend,hehasassignedanAssistantStateAttorneyandaninvestigatorfromthe    MiamiBeachpolicetotraveltoGermanytoattendinterviewsoffriendsand H   relativesofthevictimand/ortheaccused. Interviewsofthesepersons `  (particularlyfriendsofthevictim,whomayhaveconfidedinthemabouther *  relationshipwiththeaccused)willbeimportantindeterminingthemotive   forthemurder. Thenamesofpersonstobeinterviewedarenotknownprecisely j  atthistime.TheStateAttorneyhassuggestedthattheybedeterminedafter 4  preliminaryinvestigationsarecarriedoutintheFederalRepublic. L  ` LettertoFederalMinistryofJustice,Bonn,GermanyfromU.S.DepartmentofJusticeTrial  Attorney,RobertJ._Boylan_ԀdatedJanuary12,1988.#.*XX_#  ^h$  .*XXXԀ  15    __XX.*OnMay31,2002,theStatecalledHiltonWilliamsandrequestedthathebedeclareda  Courtwitness.Despitehavingtestifiedunderoathin1996andgivingtwoswornstatementsto x policestatingbasicallythesamefactsaboutthecrimeashedidin1996,hetestifiedbeforethis @ CourtthathemadeuphisprevioustestimonyandarrangedforaphonyMark_Dugan_Ԁtoconfessto X PeterF.Mueller.TestimonyofHiltonWilliamsMay31,2002.However,HiltonWilliamsonly   changedhisstoryafteraunrecordedconversationwithAssistantStateAttorneyRubin.Even  thoughthetaperecorderusedtotapeMr.Williamsstatementsworkedbeforeandafterthe `  conversationwithMr.Rubin,Mr.Williamsmaintainedthatthetaperecorder brokeduringhis ( x conversationwithMr.Rubin.Asofthisdate,Mr.Williamshasnotbeenchargedwithperjuryby  @ the#.*XX_#_XX.*StateAttorneysOffice.InterestinglyduringtheMarch4,2002,oralargumentinRobertsv.    State,CaseNo.SC92496,AssistantAttorneyGeneralSandra_Jaggard_ԀadvisedtheFlorida    SupremeCourtthattheMiamiDadeCountyStateattorneysOfficewasobligatedtoprosecute H   perjurychargeswheneveritwasdeterminedthatoneindividualhadgiventwomutually `  inconsistentswornstatements(theoralargumentmaybeviewedattheFloridaSupremeCourt (  officialwebsite).Certainly,Mr.Williamsgaveswornstatementsthatweremutually   inconsistent.Heevenstatedthathispriortestimony#.*XX_#_XX.*wasknowinglyfalse.Yet,theStates h  failuretoprosecutesmacksofconsiderationinexchangeforchanginghistestimony.#.*XX_.# tT!   _  8YiYXXdd8  ** * ]O*****b** *)*,*.*0*1**c*_XXXXXXX_X@*INTHECIRCUITCOURTOFTHEELEVENTHJUDICIALCIRCUIT #_XXXX#XXX_XԈ  @  1 @@ INANDFORMIAMIDADECOUNTY,FLORIDA x STATEOFFLORIDA,     ` Plaintiff, `     `     h     CASENO.8742355  @ v.    DIETER_RIECHMANN_,   h      H      ` Defendant. `  #_XXXXy#_____________________________/   @C C 7CLOSINGARGUMENTINSUPPORT 0  @ 4OFGRANTING_POSTCONVICTION_ԀRELIEF  H    COMESNOW thedefendant, DIETER_RIECHMANN_ ,byandthroughundersigned  counselandherebyfilesclosingargumentinsupportofgrantinghimpostconvictionrelief.The l instantargumentfollowsanevidentiaryhearingconductedbeforethisCourtonMay23,May31,  andJuly1112,2002.Insupportofhisclaims,Mr._Riechmann_Ԁstatesasfollows: <  Z(($3y  WiththeexceptionoftheMay23,2002testimonyofBeth_Sreenan_,theevidentiary  hearingtranscriptshavenotyetbeenpreparedorservedoncounsel.Therefore,representations \ regardingthetestimonygivenwillbeaccordingtothebestrecollectionandnotesofcounsel. < Anyevidenceintroducedduringthehearingwillbereferredtobyadescriptionoftheexhibit. |! ReferencestotheoriginalrecordonappealfromMr._Riechmann_strialwillbereferredtoas"R.  \# ___",withappropriatepagenumber(s)inserted,enclosedbyparentheses.ReferencestoMr. !% _Riechmann_sfirstpostconvictionproceedingswillbereferredtoas"PCR.___"withthe ,#|' appropriatepagenumber(s)inserted,enclosedbyparentheses. $ )  I.0  INTRODUCTION. L&!+(#(# ! !  AttheheartofMr._Riechmann_spendingmotiontovacateishisclaimofinnocence. ',#- Dieter_Riechmann_Ԁmaintainedattrialandstillmaintainsthathedidnotcommitthemurderof l)$/ _Kersten_Ԁ_Kischnick_.TheStatescircumstantialcaseagainstMr._Riechmann_Ԁwassupportbythe *L&1 testimonyofjailhouseinformantWalter_Smykowski_Ԁandquestionableforensicevidencerelated ,'3 tobloodspatterandgunshotresidue.Atthe1996evidentiaryhearing,weaknessintheblood  spatterandgunshotresidueevidencewasexposed.Anewtrialwasnotorderedbecause @ confidencewasnotunderminedintheoutcomeinlightofthetrialtestimonyof_Smykowski_.The   trialtestimonyof_Smykowski_Ԁthus,becametheremaininglynchpinoftheconvictionuponwhich `  theweightoftheconvictioncametorest._Smykowski_stestimonywascriticaltothedenialof  @ Mr._Riechmann_srequestforanewtrial.      Thecircuitcourtin1996didvacateMr._Riechmann_sdeathsentenceanddidorderare `  sentencing.TheFloridaSupremeCourtaffirmed.Statev._Riechmann_,777So.2d342(Fla.   2000).WiththenewinformationuncoveredbyMr._Riechmann_Ԁandpresentedatthe2002 0  evidentiaryhearingconsideredcumulativelywiththeevidencepreviouslypresented,confidence  inthereliabilityoftheoutcomeofMr._Riechmann_strialisnowundermined._Kyles_Ԁv.Whitley, P 514U.S.419(1995). 0   AttheevidentiaryhearingconductedinMay,JuneandJulyofthisyear,Mr._Riechmann_ p presented:1)evidencethatsignificantexculpatoryinformationwaswithheldfromthedefenseat P trial,and2)evidencethatsomeoneelsecommittedthemurderofMs._Kischnick_.Mr.  Riechmannassertsnotonlyhisinnocence,butthatheisentitledtoanewtrialonthebasisofthis  p evidence.Thejuryneverheardevidencethatsomeoneelsecommittedthecrimebutinstead   reliedontestimonythathasnowbeenshowntohavebeenfalseandmisleading,andwent @" uncorrectedbytheState.  $   BetweenthetimethisCourtorderedtheevidentiaryhearingandthetimethatthehearing `"& commenced,therewerenewdiscoveriesandnewdisclosures.Asaresult,theevidence #@( presenteddoesnotdirectlycorrespondenttothependingRule3.850motion.Thisisnotan % * unusualdevelopmentinRule3.850proceedings.InJonesv.State,709So.2d512,518(Fla. '`", 1998),evidenceofBradyviolationwasdiscoveredontheeveanevidentiaryhearing.There,the (#. defendantwaspermittedtopresenttheevidenceandallowedtosubsequentlyorallyamendhis 0*%0 successorRule3.850motiontoincludeapreviouslyunpledBradyviolation.Cf.Wayv.State, +'2 760So.2d903,916(Fla.2000)(noerrorwheretestimonywasexcludedbythejudgeatthe  evidentiaryhearingasoutsidethescopeofthe3.850motionbecause Wayneverattemptedto @ amendhis_postconviction_Ԁmotion,notevenduringtheappeal).Accordinglywithinthisclosing   memorandum,Mr._Riechmann_ԀmovestoamendhisRule3.850toconformwithevidencethathe `  presentedatthehearing,somewithoutobjection,someoverobjection.  @   Thepreviouslypledclaimsshouldbeamendedtoinclude:1)theStateviolateddue    processbynotdisclosingattrialandinthepostconvictionprocessevidenceregarding `  _Smykowski_sstatearrangedvisitwithhisdaughterthatwasfavorabletoMr._Riechmann_Ԁbecause   itprovidedimpeachmentofhistrialtestimony(_Lightbourne_Ԁv.State,742So.2d238(Fla.1999)); 0  2)theStateknowinglyallowedmisleadingorfalsetestimonytobepresentedwithoutcorrection  when_Smykowski_ԀtestifiedthathehadnocontactwithlawenforcementbetweenMarch,1988, P andJuly27,1988,twodaysbeforehetestifiedinfrontofMr._Riechmann_sjuryandthathe 0 receivednobenefitforhistestimonyotherthanpossiblealetter(_Giglio_Ԁv.UnitedStates,405 p U.S.150(1972)) [  1      ;and3)newlydiscoveredevidenceofinnocenceintheformofaneyewitness P accountoftheshootingof_Kersten_Ԁ_Kishnick_Ԁ(Jonesv.State,591So.2d911(Fla.1991)).Onthe  merits,theseclaimsmustbeevaluatedcumulatively,witheachotherandwiththepreviously  p presentedclaims.Statev._Gunsby_,670So.2d920(Fla.1996).Whentheproperanalysisis   conducted,Mr._Riechmann_Ԁmustbeaffordedatrialthatisatrueadversarialtestingwithinthe @" meaningoftheconstitutionalguarantee.  $  II.0  THESTATE_WITHELD_ԀEXCULPATORYINFORMATIONANDFAILEDTO `"& CORRECTFALSEORMISLEADINGTESTIMONYINVIOLATIONOFTHE (#x' EIGHTHANDFOURTEENTHAMENDMENTS.#@((#(#  %  A.0 ` Introduction. % *` (#` (#   OnApril18,2002,theprosecutiondisclosedforthefirsttimethatWalter_Smykowski_ '`", wastakenoutoffederalcustodybystatelawenforcement_officers_Ԁtovisithistheneightyearold (#. daughter,DeborahSchaefer,atherresidence,anoncustodialsetting.Inanamendedwitness  list,theStatethesetforth, 11.Mr._Smykowski_ԀwastakentovisithisfamilybyDetectives @ _Hanlon_ԀandMatthewsandoneofthempaidforfriedchicken.Thisdisclosureoccurredfourteen   yearsafter_Smykowski_ԀtestifiedatMr._Riechmann_strialthatbetweenMarchof1988andJuly `  27,1988,twodaysbeforehistestimony,hehadnocontactwithlawenforcementoranyonefrom  @ theStateAttorneysoffice(R.4143).Thisoccurredfourteenyearsafter_Smykowski_Ԁtestifiedthat    hereceivednobenefitforhistestimony,otherthanthepossibilitythatatsomepointinthefuture `  theprosecutormightwritealetteronhisbehalf.   XXX_XXXX  #_XX,#XX_Attrial,thejuryhadheardtestimonyfrom_Smykowski_,afederalprisonerincarcerated 0  withDieter_Riechmann_Ԁinlate1987atthefederalMetropolitanCorrectionalCenter._Smykowski_Ԁ  testifiedin1988toinculpatorystatementsallegedlymadebyMr._Riechmann_Ԁin1987.WhenMr. P _Riechmann_scounseltriedtoimpeach_Smykowski_Ԁandallegethathistestimonywasaproductof 0 adesiretogainbenefit,_Smykowski_Ԁstatedthathehad no contactwithanyonefromthestate p attorneysofficeorlawenforcementbetweenMarch,1988andJuly27,1988,twodaysbefore T histrialtestimonyagainstMr._Riechmann_Ԁ_(R_.4143)._Smykowski_Ԁtestifythathewasoffered no   benefit,otherthanthepossibilityofaletter,inexchangeforhistestimonybecausehiscrimes (x werefederalandnotstatecrimes_(R_.4097,4135).#_XX-##_XXX_,#ԀCertainly,evidencedisclosedonApril18,   2002,wouldhaveprovidedfertilegroundforimpeaching_Smykowski_scredibilityattrial,asit H" demonstratesthathistestimonywasfalse.  ($   AtahearingonMay9,2002,counselforMr._Riechmann_ԀarguedthattheApril18th h"& disclosurewarranteddiscoverydepositionsofDetectives_Hanlon_ԀandMatthewsregarding #H( federalprisoner_Smykowski_sstatearrangedvisitwithhisdaughter.ASAReidRubinreported % * thathehaddisclosedthevisitassoonashelearnedthatithadoccurred.InlightoftheApril18th 'h", disclosure,thisCourtpermitteddiscoverydepositionsofthedetectives,butlimitedtoonlyto (#.  federalprisoner_Smykowski_sstatearrangedvisitwithhisdaughter. 8*%0   DuringtheproceedingsonMay23rd,Mr._Riechmann_scounselquestionedMr.   _Riechmann_strialprosecutor,Beth_Sreenan_,regarding_Smykowski_sstatearrangedvisitwithhis @ daughter.DuringtheproceedingscounselforMr._Riechmann_ԀofferedDetective_Hanlon_strial   depositionasanexhibit.WhentheStateobjectedonrelevancygrounds,thefollowingoccurred: `  `  MR.MCCLAIN:YourHonor,aswasindicatedlastweekortwoweeks  @ ago,theStatehasrecentlydiscloseditsitemnumberelevenonthewitnesslist    ЄthatDetectiveHanlonandMatthewstookWalterSmykowskitovisithis    familyandboughtchicken. H    ImallegingaBradyclaimbaseduponthatandIthinkthefoundationof `  thatrequiressortofthewholehistory,thechronologyoftheinformationthatwas (  providedornotprovidedtothedefenseattorney,Mr._Carhart_.    ThisissomethingthatshowsinformationthatwasprovidedtoMr. h  Carhart. 0   IndeterminingwhetherornotthereisaBradyviolation,IthinkYour H  Honorhastoknowwhatwasdisclosedandwhatwasnt.   THECOURT:Anythingfurther? P  MR.RUBIN:Mypositionisthatitsnonsequitur.Itdoesnotflowfrom 0 whateverisstatedinthatdepositionthattheinformationwasorwasnotprovided.   Iprovidedit.Apparently,itwasnotprovidedbefore.Idontthinkthatis p anissue [.][W]hetherMr.Smykowskiwastakenoutononeoccasionandfried 8 chickenwassupplied[,][t]hatisonething. R  Theotherthingis,myunderstanding,althoughIdonthaveacomplete  historyoftheprocedure,isthatthismatterwascoveredpreviouslyastogivingor  giveninthatparticularpolicereport. Z ` 99(May23,2002,transcriptat1314)(emphasisadded).Thus,itisundisputedthattheinformation : regardingfederalprisoner_Smykowski_sstatearrangedvisitwithhiseightyearolddaughterwas z! notdisclosedtoMr._Riechmann_ԀpriortotheApril18,2002,disclosure.  Z#   B.0 ` OverviewofApplicableLegalPrinciples. !%` (#` (#    ` 1.Bradyv.Maryland.  *#z'   Toinsureaconstitutionallyadequateadversarialtestingandafairtrialoccur,certain $ ) obligationsareimposedupontheprosecutingattorney.Theprosecutorisrequiredtodiscloseto J&!+ thedefenseevidence thatisbothfavorabletotheaccusedandmaterialeithertoguiltor '*#- punishment.UnitedStatesv._Bagley_,473U.S.667,674(1985),quotingBradyv.Maryland, j)$/ 373U.S.83,87(1963).In_Strickler_Ԁv.Greene,theSupremeCourtreiteratedthe"specialrole *J&1 playedbytheAmericanprosecutor"asone"whoseinterest...inacriminalprosecutionisnot  thatitshallwinacase,butthatjusticeshallbedone."527U.S.263,281(1999),quotingBerger @ v.UnitedStates,295U.S.78,88(1935)._Hoffman_Ԁv.State,800So.2d174(Fla..2001);Statev.   Huggins,788So.2d238(Fla.2001);FloridaBarv.Cox,_XX_X794So.2d1278(Fla.2001)#_XXX_G#.TheStates `  dutytodiscloseexculpatoryevidenceisapplicableeventhoughtherehasbeennorequestbythe  @ defendant._Strickler_at280.TheStatealsohasadutytolearnofanyfavorableevidenceknown    toindividualsactingonthegovernment'sbehalf.Id.at281. Itisirrelevantwhetherthe `  prosecutororpoliceisresponsibleforthe_nondisclosure_;itisenoughthattheStaateitselffailsto   disclose.Garciav.State,622So.2d1325,1330(Fla.1993). TheStateischargedwith 0  constructiveknowledgeandpossessionofevidencewithheldbyotherstateagents,includinglaw  enforcementofficers.Jonesv.State,709So.2d512,520(Fla.1998). P   TheFloridaSupremeCourthasheldthat, theStateisunderacontinuingobligationto 0 discloseanyexculpatoryevidence.Johnsonv._Butterworth_,713So.2d985,987(Fla.1998);see